C

 

C14 see radiocarbon
Caddington, Beds 91/28
  All Saints' church 93/30, 31
  Blows Downs; prehistoric, Roman and medieval 00/6, 7
  Chaul End, prehistoric, medieval, post-medieval 99/10, 11; 03/16
  Cottage Bottom 94/5
  Dunstable Road allotments; medieval 00/6
  Folly Wood/Folly Lane; Roman road 02/7
  Gatehouse Field 95/18, 19, 20; 98/19
  Manor Farm; Roman, medieval and C19 02/6, 6-7
  Turnpike Farm 95/18, 19, 20, 22; 98/19
  medieval landscape 85/9; 87/24; 90/2
  Mesolithic/Neolithic 89/9
  Palaeolithic flint industry 72/3; 87/3-4
  Pleistocene mammal remains 72/3
  Roman 89/9; 98/19; 00/6, 7; 02/6, 6-7
  Zouches Farm 89/9; 90/5, 6, 7; 95/18
  Zouches Manor 90/5, 6, 7
Cadwell DMV, Brightwell Baldwin, Oxon 76/37; 77/77; 07/45
Caerleon, Gwent 95/28
  Roman amphitheatre 02/73
Caerwent, Gwent; Roman glass 92/15
Caesar, C. Julius
  on Catuvellauni 76/7
  on military defences 01/72, 73
Caesar's Camp, Easthampstead, Bracknell Forest 73/15
Cainhoe Castle, Clophill, Beds 74/14; 77/40; 78/36; 82/17; 83/3; 87/27
cairns
  Neolithic; Rollright Stones 83/100, 142, 144; 84/21
  C20; Plough Cairn, Warborough 84/40, 41-2
Calcot, W Berks 76/33
Calcutt, Beds 91/28, 29
Caldecote, Cambs; Roman parallel trenches 06/1
Caldecotte, Abraham (fl. 1810, of Rothersthorpe) 82/54
Caldecotte, Bow Brickhill, Milton Keynes, Bucks 91/21-5, 22-4
  Mesolithic flint industry 83/44
  flint scatter 80/77
  pre-Iron Age 79/63
  Iron Age 79/63, 64, 65; 80/59; 81/54
  Belgic 73/36
  Iron Age/Roman ovoid enclosure 81/52; 83/47, 48, 49
  Roman 73/36; 79/63, 64, 65; 80/59-60; 83/45; 91/44; 92/21, 22, 23, 24, 25
    pottery kiln 79/65, 66; 83/45
  Saxon 78/42; 79/63, 65; 80/60; 81/54
  medieval 91/43, 44
    DMV and manor house 78/58, 59; 79/62, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67; 91/43,
        44; 92/22, 24, 25
    ridge and furrow 91/43, 44; 92/22, 25
    river boat 83/44, 46-7
    stone mortar fragment 80/77
  post-medieval 91/43, 44; 92/22, 24-5; 03/22
    kiln, prob C18, Kiln Furlong Ground 81/70
    watermill 79/62; 81/49, 50, 51, 52, 76; 82/59, 69-70, 84; 84/15; 91/44
  area to west 94/14
Callery, Simon (landscape artist) 97/76
Calleva Atrebatum (Silchester); Roman amphitheatre 02/73
Callow Hill, Wootton, Oxon 99/65
  Grim's Ditch 84/100, 102
Calthorpe, Banbury, Oxon
  prehistoric to Saxon 05/62, 63, 64
  Calthorpe Manor 81/91
Calvert-Steeple Claydon sewer pipe, Bucks 03/22
Calverton, Bucks
  Calverton House 04/12
  Passenham Quarry, Bronze Age barrows and pit alignment, Iron Age/Roman
      settlement or farmstead 04/24-5; 07/12
Cambridge
  Castle 03/107
  Christ's College and Clipston 79/26
  St John's College Cricket Field Anglo-Saxon cemetery 79/11; 80/45, 47;
      86/3
  Trinity College and Great Barford 82/18
Cambridgeshire
  C6 brooches 86/8
  moats 87/23
  T. M. Hughes' notes on 88/3-4
Camden, William (1551-1623, antiquary) 92/31
camerae, Oxfordshire monastic 77/36, 37
Camoys Court, Chislehampton, Oxon 94/48; 96/44
camp, Iron Age; Fernham 04/70
Camp Common Ground see under Milton Common
Campbell, Robert (fl.1850s-70s, of Buscot Park) 93/59; 01/46
camps, causewayed see causewayed enclosures
Campton, Beds 86/18; 90/2
  Manor 87/28, 29, 30; 94/3
canals (see also locks, canal)
  early medieval; Bampton 92/55; 98/47-9, 48-9, 52
  dock, C19; Bletchley 08/20
  Grand Junction 08/33
  Grand Union 76/28; 90/1; 00/9; 05/14, 39; 07/8
  Oxford Canal 82/114
  Rothersthorpe Lift Bridge GN5 05/39
  tunnels 76/28
  at Uffington 07/54, 55, 59
  Wilts and Berks, Culham Reach 07/26-7
  Wolverton Iron Trunk Aqueduct 08/33
candlesticks and candle holders
  medieval; Limoges travelling pricket, Grove Priory 80/2; 81/7, 8, 9, 10,
      11
  post-medieval: Bedford 85/18; Leckhampstead 07/12; Lilley Farm 73/40
cannon, Civil War; Banbury Castle 75/43
Cannon Hill, Windsor & Maidenhead 76/12
cannonballs, C17; Banbury 98/70
Canons Ashby, Nhants 75/28-9; 90/55
  Canons Ashby House and gardens 93/45; 94/22; 02/32; 05/37; 08/39
  DMV 94/22
  Priory 75/29; 92/18, 19; 93/42, 45
  ridge and furrow 95/37
  schools fieldwork 93/41-2
Canova, Antonio 91/26
Canterbury, Kent; medieval vaulted cellars 83/69
carbon-14 see radiocarbon
carbonised material (see also burnt deposits; charcoal;
    plant remains (charred); seeds)
  Neolithic: Drayton 95/51; Yarnton (early Neolithic bread) 00/69-70
  Bronze Age: Gayhurst 99/17; Yarnton 99/85
  Iron Age: Alfred's Castle 99/50; 00/82, 84, 85, 89; Bicester 99/76;
      Finmere 99/32
  Roman: Abingdon 99/31; Asthall 93/69; Bedford Southern Bypass (spelt
      wheat) 95/4; Finmere 99/32; Haynes 94/9; 95/11; Lavendon 94/15;
      Oxford 99/79; Wantage (wattle and daub) 95/ii
  Saxo-Norman; Tempsford 94/10
  undated; Cropredy (cereals) 95/50
Cardington, Beds
  Neolithic/early Bronze Age ceremonial complex 83/9; 90/9-11; 91/8, 9,
      10-11; 92/6, 7; 03/6-7
  ring ditches 76/14
  Iron Age/Roman sites 83/9-10; 90/9-11; 91/11; 03/6-7; 09/14
  Manor 87/27, 29, 30; 90/2; 93/32
  medieval aisled barns 82/60
  post-medieval: agriculture 05/5; boundary ditches 09/14; bridge, C18
      85/13; 86/23; Whitbread's house 87/27
  church of St Mary the Virgin 93/32
  Mill Farm 90/9-11
  parish survey 83/7; 84/7; 86/18
  RAF airfield 91/6, 7; 05/5, 10-11; 09/14
  settlement pattern 85/9; 87/21, 27
cards, playing; Chastleton House 95/80
Carlton and Chellington, Beds 90/2
  St Mary's Church, Carlton 09/9
Carmel College, Oxon; pillbox 90/89
Carnarvon, Henry George, Earl of 89/10
Caroe, William Douglas (1857-1938, architect) 93/32
Carpenter, David, and Hinton, David; Oxford Buildings reviewed 73/48
carpenters' marks: Bicester 88/127, 128, 129; Chastleton 95/78; Cowley
    83/91; Dorchester 83/71; Ducklington (Roman) 90/50; Oxford 86/129;
    87/55; Souldern 88/121, 122; Steventon 84/72, 74; Thame Abbey 87/72;
    Towersey 84/81, 82; Watlington 84/73, 75; Willington 98/19
carpentry, structural (see also roofs; timber and timber-framed buildings)
  diminished haunch flooring joint; Abingdon 95/65
  late medieval; Oxford 99/72
  post-medieval: Blenheim Park 99/70-1; Ewelme 99/72; Garsington Manor
      02/54; Harwell 04/73-7, 74-6
  recording of historic 95/64
  scarf joints 05/85, 86, 85-9
  timber marks 05/85-6, 86, 89
carpentry waste, early Iron Age; Bedford 06/4, 4
Carter family of Watlington Park 04/55
Carterton, Oxon (see also Filkins to Carterton Transco Gas Pipeline)
  Swinbrook Road 08/49
carts, Roman
  fitting; Latimer 71/12
  side; Dorney 96/28, 29; 97/32, 33
cartularies see: Eynsham Cartulary and under Oseney Abbey;
    Sandford-on-Thames; Snelshall Priory
Cartwright family of Aynho 80/107
Cary, Lucius, 2nd Viscount Falkland (1610?-43) 79/97
Cary's map of Berkshire (1891) 89/61
casket, Saxon ivory; Eynsham 91/102, 104
Cassington, Oxon (see also Worton; Yarnton and Cassington Floodplain)
  Palaeolithic reindeer bone 97/ii
  Mesolithic; Cassington Pit, Cassington West Extension 06/45
  Neolithic: flints 06/45; pits and pottery 86/109; 95/4; 06/38
  late Bronze Age settlement; Cassington Pit, Cassington West Extension
      06/45
  Iron Age
    burial 77/71
    farmsteads 93/61, 62, 63
    hillfort 81/106
  Roman
    field systems, Cassington Pit, Cassington West Extension 06/45
    oppidum 91/86, 98; 99/68
  Saxon
    burials 81/150; 86/11; 91/31
    settlement 91/87, 89, 90, 90, 92; 94/51-2; 97/55, 56-8
  medieval
    Cassington Pit, Cassington West Extension 06/45
    The Chequers, Church Lane 00/80
    dovecote 74/14
    fishponds 74/14, 15; 83/116-17
    moat, C14 castle 72/30; 74/14, 15; 83/116-17
    Somerford DMV 83/65, 66, 67
    village earthworks 83/116-17
  A40 dualling 93/60-1, 62, 63
  Cassington Rising Main 07/39
  evaluation 94/49-52
  gravel extraction 81/78
  surveys 76/40; 79/111; 89/57
Cassius Dio 01/73, 75
Cassivellaunus, Ravensburgh Castle as possible oppidum of 73/14
cast-iron architecture; LMS Station, Oxford 95/68
Castle Ashby, Nhants 78/21; 87/26; 91/37; 94/2
castles, mottes and ringworks, medieval and post-medieval (see also: forts;
    ringworks, Iron Age and Saxon; moats): Alderton Mount 01/39-40; Ascott
    Earl 72/30, 32; Bedfordshire, archaeological potential 82/17, 20; 83/3;
    Bury Mount, Towcester 00/35, 36; Fineshade Abbey 88/60, 61; Flitwick
    (Mount Hill) 90/7; Newton Bromswold 73/20-1; post-conquest building
    03/107; Rothersthorpe 78/22; 82/54; siege or counter-, Anarchy period,
    Wallingford 03/107, 112; 04/98, 101, 102-3; Shenley Church End 72/26;
    Somerton 74/16, 17; Towcester (Norman motte) 08/44, 45; Wadenhoe 75/28;
    Weedon Lois and Weston 75/28; see also under: Ampthill; Ardley;
    Bampton; Banbury; Barnwell; Bedford; Brackley; Bradwell; Buckingham;
    Cainhoe Castle; Cassington; Castlethorpe; Chalgrave; Cogges; Culworth;
    Deddington; Earls Barton; Fotheringhay; High Wycombe; Higham Ferrers;
    Little Houghton; Little Kimble; Long Buckby; Luton; Middleton Stoney;
    Northampton; Odell; Old Wolverton; Oxford; Preston Capes; Radcot;
    Rockingham; Someries Castle; Sulgrave; Thurleigh; Tilsworth;
    Totternhoe; Wallingford; Weston Turville
Castlethorpe, Bucks 98/94
  castle 94/14, 17; 05/18
  6 The Chestnuts 00/9
  Maltings Field; hollow way and headland 00/9, 10
  North Street 08/21; Castle House 09/15; castle moat, C19 allotments 05/18
  South Street; possible C18 building 09/15
  Sustrans Cycleway 01/12
Castor, Nhants 77/15, 26-7
Caswell DMV, Oxon 78/75
catapult parts, Roman; Alchester 02/84, 89
Cater family of Kempston 90/15
  Samuel (fl. 1671) 87/28
Catesby, Nhants
  Catesby Priory 92/19
  Newbold DMV 90/34
Catesby, Robert (1573-1605, Gunpowder Plot conspirator) 94/1
Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England 87/28; 91/34
Catlin, Sir Robert (d. 1574, of Newnham Priory) 88/15; 91/21
Catterick, N Yorks; Roman temple and theatre 82/152
cattle
  Mesolithic wild 75/9
  prehistoric deliberate burials: Barrow Hills 85/102, 104; Dorney 98/79,
      80; Gayhurst 99/20; Segsbury Camp 98/58
  Iron Age 76/64, 67; 91/11, 13, 15; 05/71, 77; deliberate deposit of
      skull, Little Wittenham 05/72, 74, 75; processing, Stotfold 98/13;
      Uffington 07/57, 59
  Roman 76/64, 67; 93/85; Gatehampton Farm, Goring 06/52; Marcham/Frilford
      (calves) 04/88, (ritual burial) 07/62; Newport Pagnell 07/13
  late medieval 91/110
  C15/16 epidemic burial 76/52, 53
  C19 horn cores, tanning waste, Olney 03/21
cattle pound, C18; Burnham 97/16
Catuvellauni 71/6; 76/7-8; 78/9; 98/74-5; 99/68; 01/75
cauldrons, Saxon bronze 91/32-3
  Kings Sutton 78/29
  Watchfield, possibly Rhineland 84/122
causewayed enclosures (causewayed camps) (see also under: Briar Hill;
    Cardington; Chimney; Clanfield; Dorney; Great Hill; Maiden Bower;
    Pitstone; Streatley)
  Abingdon 82/181, 183; 84/111, 115
  Aston Bampton 73/34, 35
  Banbury 98/70
  Barrow Hills 86/107, 108, 109
  Chilterns 76/5-6
  Dallington Heath 89/24; 92/42-3, 44; 93/50
  Dorchester 82/144
  Dunsden, disproved 75/34
  Gatehampton Farm 92/75
  Langford 81/103
causeways (see also under Oxford)
  prehistoric stone and gravel; Yarnton-Cassington 92/54; 93/82, 83; 98/90;
      99/85, 87, 88
  Iron Age; Yarnton 93/84
  Roman: Bancroft 86/46-7; Ditchford (re-used) 92/34, 44; Wellingborough
      93/53
  post-medieval: Frilford 80/144; Somerton (C16) 98/64
cavalry equipment, Roman; Alchester 00/75, 76
Caversham, Oxon 79/38, 125; 80/138, 171
  Caversham Lakes, Henley Road 03/83
  Hammerhead Quarry 01/40
  stone head 91/118, 120
Caxton, William; Chronicle (1456) 91/32
celandine, greater (Chelidonium majus) 82/180
celery (Apium graveolens) 82/179
  Roman; Alchester 03/98
cellars
  Roman; Little Wittenham 05/72, 74, 75; Piddington 93/53, 58; Ramsden
      03/63
  Saxon: Eynsham 94/40, 41; Northampton 97/38; Oxford 94/31; 95/70, 71;
      05/83
  medieval: Abingdon 97/50; Blakesley 07/16; Brackley (free-standing)
      83/25, 26; Charlbury 07/39; Chipping Norton 83/69, 71; Eynsham Abbey
      92/47; Oxford 87/56; 95/72; 03/76-7; 05/51, 83; 06/48
  post-medieval: Abingdon 98/85; 09/33; Aylesbury 06/7; 08/19-20; Daventry
      05/37, 38; Fineshade Abbey 93/47; Kettering 09/27; Marlow 97/16, 17;
      Northampton 06/29; 08/36; Oxford 94/44; 99/79, 83; 00/66-7, 81;
      04/61, 61, 62, 63, 65; 05/46; Ramsden 03/63; Rycote House 01/71;
      Weston Underwood 06/17
  undated; Dunstable 93/14; Oxford 09/42
'Celtic' field systems
  Ashbury 78/102, 103; 94/36-7
  Westbury by Shenley 91/44, 45
Celtic tradition (see also 'Celtic' field systems)
  stone heads 91/116, 117-20, 121
  temple complex see under Marcham/Frilford
cemeteries (see also barrows; churchyards; cremations; graves; inhumations;
    mortuary enclosures; vaults)
  prehistoric: barrow, and chalk combes 90/8; Naseby 80/50
  Beaker; Cassington 93/60-1
  Neolithic/Bronze Age funerary complex; Grendon 06/26, 27
  Bronze Age: Barrow Hills 82/181, 183; Dorney (urnfield) 92/26; Gayhurst
      99/17, 19-20, 19, 20; Kelmarsh (cremation) 93/50; Loughton, Milton
      Keynes (cremation) 00/32, 33; Oxford 03/83
  Iron Age: Appleford 74/8; Bledlow cum Saunderton 88/27; Brackley 91/59;
      Dorchester (causewayed cremation) 80/184; Hagbourne Hill (La Tène)
      73/7; Harrold (cremation) 99/2, 3; Kempston (cremation, urned and
      unurned) 01/2; Newport Pagnell (Iron Age/Roman cremation) 09/17, 17;
      Radwell (Belgic) 73/32; Salisbury Plain 86/111; Towcester
      (inhumation) 93/58
  Roman: A40 Improvement 94/31; Appleford 74/8; Asthall 93/68; Barrow Hills
      84/119-20; 85/104-5; Barton Court Farm 77/67; Bedford 85/10;
      Biddenham (inhumation) 07/1, 1; Bledlow cum Saunderton 88/27; Claydon
      Pike 84/96; Crowmarsh 96/71-6, 72, 73; Dorchester-on-Thames
      (inhumation) 09/60; East Hanney to Brightwell Roman road 89/63; Great
      Barford 06/6; Great Houghton 97/39; Harlington 92/7; 94/7; Irchester
      06/27; Kempston 92/7, 8; 01/2; 05/3-4, 4, (inhumation) 07/1, 1;
      Kingston Bagpuize (inhumation and cremation) 01/44; Magiovinium 92/3;
      Milton Keynes (cremation, for local elite) 07/9; Newport Pagnell
      (Iron Age/Roman cremation) 09/17, 17; Odell, C1 76/16; 77/9; Ruxox
      92/5; Towcester 91/72, 73; 93/58; 05/41; Wallingford 97/iv; Wavendon
      Gate 18-20; Wheatley 92/3; Wigginton 05/87; Yarnton 91/89; see also
      under: Abingdon; Ashton, Nhants; Bampton; Bancroft; Beacon Hill;
      Bletsoe; Bloxham; Bray; Curbridge; Deepdale; Dorchester; Dunstable;
      Frilford; Great Milton; Marcham/Frilford; Stanton Harcourt;
      Warborough; West Wycombe; Wroxton St Mary
  Saxon: Bronze Age urns 76/20; cremation/inhumation balance 86/3-4; re-
      publication problems 77/4-7; 80/42-8; Badby 80/44; Bampton 88/73;
      92/57; Bedford 85/10; Bedfordshire 82/12-13, 14; Berinsfield 96/76;
      Bottle Dump Corner 97/79; Brackley 94/29; Buckinghamshire 96/16;
      Charlbury 91/109; Chilterns 77/45; Chimney 91/114; Chinnor 00/47;
      Didcot 96/76; Dinton 92/20; Eye, Nhants 78/21; Harringworth 01/36;
      Milton Keynes Village 93/33-4; 94/18; 97/20; Naseby 80/50; Newport
      Pagnell 80/46; Northamptonshire 76/19-20; 78/12; 88/68-71; Oundle
      00/40, 42; Oxfordshire, correlation with settlement sites 75/19, 20;
      Paulerspury 74/27; Puddlehill 82/14; Shakenoak Farm 72/16; Stratton
      (inhumation) 93/3; Tattenhoe 92/2; 93/33; Towcester (mixed) 93/42,
      43; Watchfield 84/122; Welton 80/48; Westbury by Shenley 91/45;
      93/33; Wolverton 08/26; 09/19; Yarnton 91/89; see also under:
      Abingdon; Adwell Cop; Astwick; Aylesbury; Barrington; Berinsfield;
      Brighthampton; Brixworth; Burton Latimer; Burwell; Cambridge;
      Cransley; Desborough; Dorchester; Duston; East Shefford; Eynsham;
      Fancot; Frilford; Harwell; Holdenby; Islip; Kempston; Kettering;
      Leighton Buzzard; Lewknor; Linton Heath; Little Wilbraham;
      Long Wittenham; Longthorpe; Luton; Marcham/Frilford;
      Marston St Lawrence; Mildenhall; Nassington; Newnham, Nhants;
      Newton Willows; Northampton; Peterborough; Pitsford; Raunds; Reading;
      Rollright Stones; Rothwell; Sandy; Sheepwalk Hill; Sleaford;
      Souldern; Spong Hill; Standlake; Sudborough; Thorpe Malsor;
      Toddington; Totternhoe; Twywell; Wakerley; Wallingford; Warmark
  medieval: Brackley 94/27, 28, 29; Burnham Abbey 86/66; Dunstable 74/14;
      89/7; Goring on Thames 05/50; Medmenham Abbey 94/16; Newton Willows
      72/18; Thame 91/94; Wing 00/21; see also under: Abingdon; Aylesbury;
      Bedford; Churchill; Dorchester; Great Linford; Grove Church;
      Grove Priory; High Wycombe; Little Woolstone; Northampton; Oundle;
      Wallingford
  post-medieval: Bedford 97/9; Brackley 94/27, 28, 29; Dorchester, C16
      76/73; Oxford (C18/19 hospital) 08/57, 57; Somerton, C16 74/16;
      surveys 76/8-10; 77/32; 85/10, 13; see also under: Abingdon;
      Chipping Norton; Foscott; Luton; Middleton Stoney; Stony Stratford
  undated: Hardmead 78/20; Laxton 86/86; Northampton 93/42; Olney 89/14
Cendry Holme, Fineshade, Nhants 01/39
census: (1676) 78/78; (1871) 02/65
ceramic building material (see also individual types)
  Roman: Denham 08/28, 29; Dorchester-on-Thames 02/68; East Hanney 07/22-3,
      24; Frilford 08/54, 56; Grendon Underwood 07/9; Kempston/Biddenham
      07/1; Marcham/Frilford 02/73; Milton Keynes 09/23
  medieval: Oxford 09/61; Wallingford 09/38
  post-medieval: Dunstable 08/5; Marlow 09/23; Newport Pagnell 02/11; Stony
      Stratford 09/18
ceramic objects see bracelets; ceramic building material; pottery
cereals (see also barley; corn dryers; grain; granaries; wheat)
  early/middle Iron Age, charred; Uffington 07/59
  Roman, charred; Hemington 06/26; Newport Pagnell 07/13
  Saxon, charred; Taplow 06/19, 21
Cervos Elaphus; Marsworth 78/2
cess pits and cess deposits
  Iron Age; Rollright 84/121
  Roman; Charlbury 73/37; Kempston Church End 07/2, 2
  Saxon: Eynsham 91/102, 104; Newport Pagnell 00/19; Wolverton 05/19-20, 20
  Saxo-Norman: Kennington 05/50; Wolverton 05/20, 20
  medieval: Abingdon 73/23; 94/56, (with stone arch) 94/30; Aylesbury
      94/16; Eynsham 91/107; Hanslope 02/15; 03/26; Kempston/Biddenham
      07/2, 3; Olney 03/34; 04/25; Oundle 03/39; Oxford 82/160, 179; 00/68;
      06/48, (stone-lined) 94/31; Towcester (spread) 98/31
  post-medieval: Abingdon 91/114; Aylesbury 94/16; 06/7; Lathbury 08/22;
      Marlow 99/14; Oxford 93/76; 03/76; 04/61, 61, 62, 62, 65; 08/63;
      Stony Stratford 01/16; Tylers Green, Penn 04/11; Wantage 73/16
Chaddleworth, Oxon; Celtic stone heads on church 91/118, 119
Chadlington, Oxon
  barrows, round 84/49, 50, 52, 56, 57
  cropmarks 80/84
  field-name survey 83/63
  flint core, mortarium flange 82/119
  gold binding of bead, Saxon 72/16
  St Nicholas' Church 01/59; 02/53; 08/60
chaff, burnt; Roman, Alchester 02/89
chains, copper alloy
  Dunstable (Roman jewellery) 78/7
  Salford Quarry 91/15
Chalfont St Giles, Bucks 86/36; 87/34; 88/5
  between Jordans, Seer Green and Chalfont Grove 08/29
  St Giles church 02/17
Chalfont St Peter, Bucks 98/94
  Brailings Lane 03/27
  Lower Road 03/27
  Roman coin hoards 00/12
  St Peter's Church, medieval 93/31; 00/28
Chalgrave, Beds 97/13
  All Saints Church, medieval 86/16; 90/16; 08/3-4
  castle 71/16-17; 86/28; 87/10, 11; 90/2
  Chalgrave Manor Farm multi-period finds 92/10, 11, 12
  fishponds 88/6
  parish survey 83/7; 84/7; 85/9; 87/4
  Theedway (ancient road and Bucks) 82/5
Chalgrove, Oxon 91/122
  cropmark site (SU 633971) 77/59, 60
  earthwork sites (SU 636950) 85/114; (SU 63659655) 82/119, 121
  Harding's Field moated manorial site 78/110, 111, 112; 79/118, 119-21,
      122-3; 80/138, 151, 152, 153; 81/150, 151, 152-3; 82/172, 173, 174-5;
      83/103, 117, 118, 119-20
    aerial survey 77/59, 60
    animal bones 81/157
    Barentin family and 83/117, 119
    bridge abutment, possible 79/121, 122
    chapel 83/119
    chronology: C12 79/118, 121; C13 83/117, 118; C14 82/172, 173, 174;
        83/117, 118, 119; C15 82/173, 174-5; 83/118, 119; C16 83/119-20
    dovecotes 79/118, 121, 122; 82/172, 173, 174; 83/119, 120
    funding and manning of excavation 78/97; 79/38
    hall 79/118, 119-21, 122; 82/172, 173, 174; 83/117, 118
    kitchen, detached 78/110; 79/118, 119-21, 122; 82/172, 173, 174; 83/117
    plants and death watch beetle 83/152
    post-excavation work 81/150, 152-3; 82/117
    pottery 83/147
    tiles, medieval floor 78/110; 80/101; 81/52, 152; 83/119; 84/104
  Langley Hall 79/84
  The Manor 89/50
  Manor Farm 84/100, 104; 85/73, 74
  Manor House 05/46
  moated site 78/118
  Roman/Saxon site 78/117
chalice and paten burials
  Great Linford 81/57, 58, 76; 82/84
  Newton Willows (dummy chalice and paten) 73/20
chalk
  hillside cross; Whiteleaf Hill, Princes Risborough 01/17, 20; 04/27
  mining 82/22; 89/57
  Roman patches of: Chalton Cross Farm 96/9; Goring 96/iv
Challow, Oxon 98/62
Chalton, Beds 97/11, 13
  Iron Age/Roman occupation 91/28, 29; 93/12; 94/8; 97/11, 13; 02/7, 8
  medieval 91/29, 30; 02/7, 8; 03/16
  Manor Farm, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Roman and medieval 02/7, 8
Chalton Cross Farm, Toddington parish, Beds; Mesolithic-Bronze Age flints,
    Iron Age and Roman sites 96/6, 7, 8, 9; 00/5-6
Chalvey Ditch, Slough; Bronze Age features 00/22
Chanctonbury, Sussex; Roman temple 99/51
chambered tomb; Whispering Knights, Rollright 82/136-7
Chambers' Bridge, Woburn Park, Beds 92/5
Channel 4 Time Team 01/39-40, 71
channels, medieval navigation
  Abingdon 98/49
  Bampton 98/47-9, 48-9, 52
channels, post-medieval stone, on wooden piers; Oxford 05/84
Chantrey, Sir Francis Legatt (1781-1841) 79/100
chantry priests' houses 83/73-4
Chapel Brampton, Nhants
  prehistoric 75/11, 29; 76/28, (flints) 75/10, 11
  medieval field sytem 75/29
  undated hedgerows 93/50-1
chapels
  brick-built 93/32
  chantry, medieval and C17; Oxford 01/60
  family burial 94/3
  medieval: Northampton, St John's Hospital 05/39-40; Oxford Castle 04/72;
      Preston Capes 09/30
  mortuary: medieval, Northampton 02/30; C17, Oxford 01/60; C19, Banbury
      79/92
  Non-Conformist 77/51; 78/62; 80/114; 91/25; 97/9; 01/38; 05/41;
      Desborough Tin Tabernacle 08/39, 40; Great Missenden 06/8; Little
      Brington 08/37; Oving 09/18
  Saxon and medieval: Clipstone 82/77; Fulmer 73/21, 22; Hartwell, Nhants
      75/7; Rycote 96/60-1; Shipton-under-Wychwood 80/88; Somerton 74/16;
      Stratton 92/9; Thame, Prebendal 85/78, 79; Witney; Bishop's Palace
      92/52
  see also under: Bampton; Bletchley; Bradwell; Chalgrove; Cowley;
      Deddington Castle; East Hendred; Great Linford; Grove Priory;
      Little Woolstone; Meppershall; Oxford
charcoal (see also carbonised material)
  prehistoric: Iver 94/21; Willington 96/5
  Neolithic: Dorney 95/31; 96/26; 97/29, 31; Tansor 96/37, 38
  Mesolithic; Dorney 05/29
  Bronze Age; Biddenham Loop 09/4; Upton, Nhants 08/46
  Iron Age 91/15; Cassington area 93/61; Cogges 01/90; Salcey Forest 08/43;
      Swalcliffe Lea 09/39; Witney 94/32
  late Iron Age/Roman; Harling Road 99/10
  Roman: Alchester 02/88, 89; Chalton 02/7; Luton 00/5; Swalcliffe Lea
      98/66, 68, 69; 99/56; Toddington 94/8; Wigmore Valley Park 98/15
  Saxon 'charcoal burials', Oxford 01/62
  late Saxon/early medieval: Bedford 96/1; Potton 00/2
  medieval 91/22, 73; Corby 98/33; Northampton 98/44; Witney 01/89
  post-medieval; Northampton 98/45
charcoal burning 76/28, 29; 82/28, 29, 30-1; 83/16; 07/12
Charlbury, Oxon
  -Arncott gas pipeline 73/37
  Banbury Hill; Roman pottery scatter 82/120; 83/122
  church of St Mary the Virgin 91/109; 93/69; 95/49-50; 00/58-60, 58
  Church Lane: burial 87/81; The Clappers, C17 house 09/56-7
  Coat DMV 82/41, 42, 43, 125; 83/120
  coin of Faustina II 83/122, 161-176
  Cornbury Park Estate 91/37; 03/74; Saxon burial 82/123, 125, 140-1;
      stables 96/68-70
  field-name survey 83/63
  former Primary School 98/85
  Grim's Ditch, North Oxon: (SP 37052020-SP 36801960) 83/101, 120, 121,
      122; (SP 390200) 84/100, 102-3
  High Pressure Gas Main (SP 358192-SP 355198) 83/122
  Hill Farm; early field systems 83/121, 122
  The Lawn, Market Street 02/54
  -Leafield medieval road 82/123, 125
  Offline Sewer FWFAS PAS 36FJ/G3; Roman and medieval cultivation 06/39
  Queen's Own 91/109
  Roman villa 73/37
  Saxon graveyard 91/109
  Walcot Farm; manor house foundations 06/45; 07/39
  Walcot DMV 82/120, 123, 124, 125
  Walcot House gardens 83/122-3
  Walcot-Shorthampton bridleway 82/120, 122, 123, 125
Charle Wood, Woburn, Beds 95/2
Charles I, king of England 93/75
Charles II, Royal Arms of, St Andrew's church, Great Linford 81/60
Charles-Williamson, Mrs, of Kempston Grange 77/6
Charlton-on-Otmoor, Oxon
  Grange Cottage 99/42
  Home Farm House, medieval/post-medieval house 09/55, 56
  West View Farm 99/76
charm, post-medieval good luck; Shefford 05/6
Charndon, Bucks; Hill Farm House, pond and C19 pits 07/10
charnel pits
  late Saxon; Oxford 09/43
  Saxon or medieval; Wallingford 02/62
  medieval; Dorchester 02/44; Newnham Priory, Bedford 91/22; Northampton
      75/26
  post-medieval; Flitton 00/2
Charney Bassett, Oxon (see also Cherbury Camp) 78/87-8, 89-90, 91-4
  buildings 76/37; 78/91-2
  Charney Wick 78/88
  cross 78/91
  documentary history 78/87-8
  earthworks 78/92, 93
  estate cottages, New Road 76/37
  green 78/91, 92
  Manor House, C13 (grange of Abingdon Abbey) 77/36; 78/88, 91
  moat 79/84
  plan elements 78/88, 89
  sheep dip 78/92
  smithy 78/92
  St Peter's church, medieval 78/88, 91; 88/75; 91/101, 102
  watermill 77/51; 78/72, 88, 92
Charnocke family of Beds 87/27
  Sir Robert (fl. 1668) 87/26, 27
Charnwood Forest 75/14
charred plant remains see under plant
charters
  Saxon 92/49; 93/87; Ardley 74/10; Brightwell Baldwin 08/82; 09/59; Cogges
      01/91; East Challow 03/59; Great Linford 76/57; Mercian royal 91/85;
      Uffington (boundary) 91/97
  medieval; Thame 08/77
Chartridge, Bucks; Little Pednor, the Barn (C18) 04/23
Chastillon, John de (rector of Thornton, 1347-77) 95/28
Chastleton, Oxon 94/1
  Barrow Camp 81/79
  brew-house 85/88
  Cairn round barrow 84/48, 49, 50, 54
  fishpond 88/75
  hillfort 81/106, 107
  village bakehouse, C18/19 05/54
  Chastleton House 95/65, 76-81, 77, 78, 79; 96/45-51, 46, 47; 97/47
    basement 95/77-8, 80
    brewhouse 95/65, 76, 77; 96/50-1
    carpentry 95/78
    central courtyard 96/46, 46-7, 48-9
    drains 96/45-9, 46, 47, 50
    garden and landscape setting 95/76-7, 77, 78; 96/49-50
    house 95/77-80, 79
    medieval house footings 95/76, 77, 80
    stables 95/65, 76, 77; 96/67
    terrace, Jacobean 95/76-7, 77, 78
    Tithe map (1843) 96/50
    'Wool Howse' or Coach House, C17 outbuilding 04/65
Chatsworth House, Derbys 90/14; 91/37
Chaucer family of Ewelme 83/68
  Alice (later de la Pole, Duchess of Suffolk) 99/72
Chauncy, Geoffrey (fl. 1208, lord of Bow Brickhill) 79/62
Chawston, Beds; Palace Yard 88/25
Chazey Heath, Oxon 90/72
Chearsley, Bucks; St Nicholas' church (C15) 01/20; 03/35
Checkendon, Oxon
  Checkendon Court and gardens 74/29; 86/124-5
  church of St Peter and St Paul 76/32; 81/43, 44
  Devil's Churchyard 80/138, 171, 172, 173; 81/117; 82/116, 141; 83/123
  moats: Checkendon Court 74/29; Horsalls Wood 74/29
Cheddar, Somerset; medieval mill 72/18
Cheddington, Bucks
  hillfort 86/36
  Mentmore Road, C17-19 house, C18 forge 09/15
Chellington, Beds
  fieldwalking 00/90
  St Nicholas' church 91/22
Chelmscote Manor Farm, Bucks 97/19
Chelveston, Nhants; St John the Baptist church 05/37
Cheney, Henry, Baron Cheney of Toddington 87/29; 90/14; 94/3
Cheney, Thomas (fl. 1671, of Little Bramingham) 87/26
Chenies, Bucks 93/32
  watermeadows 98/20
Cherbury Camp, Charney Bassett, Oxon
  Iron Age valley fort 77/46; 78/87, 92-3; 80/143; 81/106, 107; 83/123,
      125; 09/67-71, 68, 69, 70
  Roman settlement enclosure to south-east 09/67, 69-70, 69, 70
  geophysical survey 09/68
Chernock, Elizabeth (fl. 1634, later Franklin, of Tilwick) 84/4
Chernock, Richard (fl. 1541, of Hulcote) 89/12; 94/3
Cherry, George Henry, of Little Wittenham 03/78-9
chert; Mesolithic objects from Wawcott
  core 71/3
  pick-like object 76/11
Cherwell Valley, Nhants 96/41
Chesham, Bucks 91/1
  prehistoric: Chesham Hospital 07/8; High Street 01/17
  Mesolithic: East Street 90/17, 18; Stratford's Yard 83/10, 11, 12, 13
  Belgic/Roman; Mountwood 73/17
  medieval: Chesham Hospital 07/8; Gatehouse, Blucher Street 80/37, 38-9;
      High Street 01/17; ridge and furrow, The Lee 79/19-20
  post-medieval: Chesham Hospital 07/8; Church Street 08/21; Emmanuel
      Church (kilns) 90/29, 30, 31; High Street 01/17; Jasons Hill (tile
      kiln) 09/16
  church 97/20
  Chartridge Lane 06/7-8
  village bakehouse 05/54
Chesham Bois, Bucks; Chesham Bois House, Bois Lane, manorial complex,
    medieval and post-medieval features 09/25-6
chess pieces
  medieval bone: Bradwell Bury 76/51; Tempsford 00/7-8, 8
  Viking ivory 91/32
Chess Valley, Bucks 02/10
  field survey 76/76; 78/18, 20
  medieval; possible DMV 79/21
  Mesolithic, Latimer Park Farm 76/76
  Roman; Flaunder Bottom 79/21
  Sarratt area 76/76
chest, Roman clay; Ramsden 03/63
Chester; medieval vaulted stone cellars 83/69
Chesterton, Oxon 92/45-6 (see also Alchester)
  F-Station 03/61
  land adjacent to Red Cow Public House 99/76
  late Roman coins 00/71-2
  Old Manor House (Norman) 81/80-1
  Oxford Lodge round barrow 84/48, 49, 50, 53
  Roman road system 73/18, 19; 77/11, 12
  Vicarage, Alchester Road 94/39
Chestertonfields Farm, Oxon 77/11, 12
chests, iron-bound
  Roman; Bancroft 77/80, 82-3; 80/81
  Saxon; Desborough 76/20
Chetwode, Bucks;
  land holdings 87/103, 105-6
  St Mary and St Nicholas Church 92/18; 99/21
chevaux de frise, N Oxon Grim's Ditch as 73/7
Cheyne, Sir Thomas (fl. late C15, lord of Drayton) 74/25
Cheyne family of Chesham Bois 09/25
Cheyne family of Great Bramingham; Luton town house 82/15
Chi Rho symbol
  on lead seal, Marholm 77/27
  on lead tanks: Ashton, Nhants 83/18; Eye and Dunsden, Oxon 89/50; Rushton
      00/37
  on nail-cleaner, Sandy 90/1, 11
  on tiles, Bidwell 86/32
Chicele College, Higham Ferrers, Nhants 90/55
Chicheley, Bucks 77/98; 78/20; 81/14; 82/21
Chichester, W Sussex
  'Hofheim' type flagon, C1 71/6
  late Iron Age defensive earthworks 99/68
  Roman period 05/93; gaming counters 03/103
chickens
  late Iron Age/early Roman; Kempston (possible ritual deposit) 01/2
  Roman: Marcham/Frilford 04/88; South Leigh (with inhumation) 08/64
Chicksands, Beds 86/18
  bridge 89/1
  Lodge Farm, Sandy Lane 06/2
  Priory 83/53, 55; 86/16; 87/28, 29; 90/13; 92/19; 97/8; 98/12; post-
      medieval ha-ha 98/11-12
Chil Brook, Oxon; moated site 93/61, 62, 63
Chilcotes Manor, Nhants 81/36-7
Child, Stephen A. (fl. 1907, of Thames Valley and Goring Water and Gas Co
    Ltd) 82/51
Childrey, Oxon
  barrow (SU 351852) 78/102, 103
  Church Row 00/80
  enclosure (SU 364854) 78/102, 103
  monastic hospital 77/36
  The Old Thatch; painted inscription, C18 79/87
  Parsonage Farm, Sparsholt Road, Roman features, Saxon and medieval
      material 01/68
  ring ditch (SU 352852) 78/102, 103
  West Street, Childrey House, C15 open hall with later additions 08/65-8,
      66-7
Chilson, Oxon
  'Barrow' 84/49, 58
  cropmarks (SP 300205) 80/84
  deserted hamlet or farmstead 77/46, 48
  field-name survey 83/63
  Stag's Plain 91/80
  Three Barrows 84/49, 56
  villa 75/34
Chiltern Archaeology: Recent Work. A Handbook for the Next Decade (ed.
    Robin Holgate); review 96/78-9
Chiltern Green, Beds 87/23
Chiltern Open Air Museum, Chalfont St Giles, Bucks 79/13, 15; 88/5
Chilterns
  Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty 94/5
  Chiltern Chalk Streams Project 02/10, 19
  Historic Environment Group 01/17
  landscape 87/24, 25
  prehistory 76/5-8
  Saxon cemeteries 77/45
  Woods Historic Landscape Survey, Bradenham 07/11-12
Chilton, Oxon
  Chilton School, Downside 02/41
  Diamond Buildings project; Iron Age farmstead 05/49
  Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Bronze Age, late Iron Age and Roman
      03/61; 05/48-9
chimney, hexagonal stone; Abingdon 94/31
Chimney, Oxon
  causewayed enclosure 81/103
  Saxon cemetery 91/114
Chinnor, Oxon 77/56; 80/102 (see also Emmington)
  church; medieval tiles 76/32
  Lower Farm, Roman inhumation, pits, pottery 07/26; 08/49
  Oakley Stores, Oakley Road; medieval pottery 80/173
  Station Road, Saxon cemetery 00/47
Chipping Camden, Glos; town plan 08/78
Chipping Norton, Oxon
  Albion Street; medieval burgage plots, medieval and post-medieval
      buildings 09/35
  Baptist graveyard 77/56
  Burford Road 05/67-8
  Castle View Nursing Home 09/35
  Chipping Norton School, late Neolithic/Bronze Age and medieval 02/41
  Church Street, Red Robe House, post-medieval 08/50
  Gild of Holy Trinity 84/67
  Glyme Farm 82/88; 91/80
  Guildhall 84/64, 65, 67
  Market Place 75/43
  Market Street 05/49
  New Chalford Farm 91/80
  Old Vicarage 98/85
  Pool Meadow; fishpond 72/30
  Primsdown Industrial Estate 05/68
  St Marys Church, C19 renovations 03/74
  Spring Street, Ambulance Station 98/47
  vaulted cellar 83/69, 71
  White Hart Hotel, High Street, medieval 03/61
Chipping Warden, Nhants
  Blackgrounds Farm 97/44
  prehistoric flints 99/24
  Roman villa 92/36
Chiselhampton see Chislehampton
chisels
  Neolithic/Bronze Age stone; Abingdon 02/38
  late Bronze Age socketed, in hoards 87/16, 17
  Roman iron: Latimer 71/12; mid-Bucks 96/16
Chislehampton, Oxon
  bridge 81/93, 95
  Camoys Court 94/48; 96/44
  Chislehampton House, late Iron Age/Roman field systems, medieval and
      post-medieval features 07/26
  cropmarks (SU 583985) 77/59, 60
Cholesbury, Bucks
  Moat House 05/11-12
  "Overburnts" hillfort 76/7; 98/21; 00/12; 05/11
  Old Vicarage, ditch of Cholesbury Camp hillfort 03/22
Cholsey, Oxon
  Amwell Place: medieval 54; C19 reed beds 03/74-5
  animal and human bone 83/123-4
  Bradford's Brook 93/60
  Dorchester-Silchester Roman road 81/47, 48
  field systems (SU 563831) 78/102, 104
  Honey Lane 07/39
  J. Souster's notes 84/47
  Lollingdon House moated site 95/65
  Manor Farm 08/48; barn 84/88; village earthworks 81/117
  monastic grange 77/36
  Paternoster Lane, medieval 54
  St Mary's Church; door hinges 82/46, 48
  Vicarage 93/69
  Whitecross Farm; late Bronze Age eyot settlement 81/103; 83/100, 148,
      154; 86/95-6; 87/99-100
  White Cross House, Reading Road, Winterbrook, Mesolithic to Bronze Age
      01/43
choppers
  Palaeolithic stone; Stanton Harcourt 97/ii
  prehistoric flint; Caddington 99/10
Chorleywood, Bucks 00/11
Christianity (see also Chi Rho symbol)
  possible late Roman; Marcham/Frilford 04/90, 91, 93-4; 06/7
Christopher, J. T. (fl. 1862, architect) 01/60, 61
Chronicon Monasterii de Abingdon 76/57; 82/108; 01/60
Church, Don, of Brightwell Upperton 07/45, 47
Church Brampton, Nhants 76/28
  Beaker period 76/28
  crop-mark complex, Iron Age to Saxon 89/24
  flints 75/11; 76/28
  Fox Covert, medieval and later 02/25
  Northamptonshire County Golf Club 99/24
  parish survey 76/28
Church End, Biddenham, Beds 93/3
Church Enstone, Oxon; St Kenelm's church 97/55
Church Hanborough, Oxon; Roman site, The Cottage 82/152, 154
churches (see also: chapels; crypts, church; memorials; monastic sites)
  Roman: Marcham/Frilford 04/88, 89, 90-1; Silchester 04/91
  on Roman sites: Milton Keynes Village 84/26, 27; Widford 90/82, 83
  Saxon and Saxo-Norman: Celtic heads 91/116-21; as first post-Roman stone
      buildings 01/79; see also under Abingdon; Aylesbury; Bampton;
      Barford St Michael; Bedford; Brixworth; Chaddleworth; Charlbury;
      Cholsey; Clapham; Ducklington; Earls Barton; Eynsham; Garsington;
      Great Linford; Hook Norton; Iver; Little Woolstone; Northampton;
      Oundle; Oxford; Raunds; Spelsbury; Wallingford; Waterperry
  medieval: Celtic heads 91/116-21; see also under Abingdon; Adderbury;
      Aldermaston; Alkerton; Appleton; Aspley Guise; Aston Tirrold;
      Aston Upthorpe; Aylesbury; Barford St John; Barton Seagrave; Bedford;
      Begbroke; Benson; Bicester; Biddenham; Bletchley; Bletsoe; Bloxham;
      Bolnhurst; Bromham; Broughton; Bucklebury; Burford; Caddington;
      Canons Ashby; Chalfont St Peter; Chalgrave; Charlbury;
      Charney Bassett; Chearsley; Checkendon; Chetwode; Chinnor; Churchill;
      Clay Coton; Clipston; Clophill; Cockayne Hatley; Cogges; Cople;
      Cottesbrooke; Cranfield; Cranford; Crowmarsh; Cuddington;
      Ducklington; Earls Barton; East Challow; East Garston; Eaton Socon;
      Ecton; Edlesborough; Elsfield; Eynsham; Faringdon; Flaunden;
      Fleet Marston; Flitton; Fritwell; Garsington; Goring;
      Great Chesterton; Great Coxwell; Great Haseley; Great Linford;
      Great Tew; Grendon Underwood; Grove Church; Haddenham; Hampton Poyle;
      Hanslope; Hanwell; Hartwell; Henley; Hook Norton; Houghton Conquest;
      Ibstone; Iffley; Ipsden; Kilpeck; Lewknor; Lillingstone Dayrell;
      Lillingstone Lovell; Little Harrowden; Little Woolstone; Luton;
      Maidwell; Mapledurham; Marcham; Marsh Baldon; Marston;
      Newton Blossomville; Newton Willows; North Hinksey; North Stoke;
      Northampton; Nuffield; Old; Old Warden; Olney; Oxford; Passenham;
      Pertenhall; Preston Deanery; Pulloxhill; Radstone; Ravensden;
      Reading; Renhold; Riseley; Salford; Sandford-on-Thames; Segenhoe;
      Shillington; Shirburn; Simpson; Sotwell; Soulbury; South Newington;
      South Stoke; Sparsholt; Stanton St John; Stevington; Stoke Lyne;
      Stotfold; Stowe; Sundon; Swinbrook; Swyncombe; Thame; Thornton;
      Thurleigh; Tidmarsh; Toot Baldon; Totternhoe; Turvey; Wallingford;
      Walton, Milton Keynes; Waterperry; Watlington; Welford; West Hendred;
      West Wycombe; Westcott Barton; Whitchurch, Oxon; Wing; Witney;
      Wolverton; Wraysbury; Yielden
  post-medieval, and post-medieval work: parish, formed from monastery
      churches 92/17-18; see also under Asthall Leigh; Beaconsfield;
      Benson; Biddlesden; Bow Brickhill; Bradfield; Cardington;
      Chalfont St Peter; Charlbury; Chipping Norton; Church Enstone;
      Cokethorpe; Cople; Deddington; Denton; Dorney; Dunton; Ewelme;
      Eye and Dunsden; Fenny Stratford; Flitton; Freeland; Frilsham;
      Fulmer; Furtho; Garsington; Geddington; Great Woolstone; Grendon;
      Hambleden; Hartwell; Heath and Reach; Hedsor; Helmdon; High Wycombe;
      Hitcham; Horton; Iffley; Iver; Langley Marish; Latimer;
      Little Houghton; Loudwater; Luton; Marlow; Mentmore; Moulsford;
      Nettlebed; Olney; Oxford; Pulloxhill; Ravensden; Silverstone;
      Soulbury; Southill; Stanford-on-Avon; Steeple Claydon; Stewkley;
      Stoke Mandeville; Stoke Poges; Stokecross; Stotfold;
      Sutton Courtenay; Tattenhoe; Thurning; Tilsworth; Wargrave; Warkton;
      Watlington; Welford; West Hanney; Whipsnade; Whitchurch Hill; Willen
  unspecified: see under Aldwincle; Ashendon; Badby; Barnwell; Bierton;
      Bletchley; Bletsoe; Brixworth; Bromham; Buckingham; Burford;
      Chalfont St Giles; Chalgrave; Chellington; Chesham; Clanfield;
      Clay Coton; Cogenhoe; Culworth; Drayton Parslow; Drayton; Eaton Bray;
      Edgcott; Edlesborough; Elstow; Ewelme; Finedon; Goring;
      Great Doddington; Great Harrowden; Greens Norton; Hanslope; Hardwick;
      Harrold; Haversham; Henlow; Higham Gobion; Horspath; Kidlington;
      Kingston Bagpuize; Langford; Leighton Buzzard; Little Marlow;
      Little Woolstone; Maidford; Maulden; Middleton Cheney; North Crawley;
      North Leigh; Northampton; Pitstone; Poddington; Shaw; Soulbury;
      Stoke Poges; Thornton; Tilehurst; Wallingford; Willington; Wing;
      Wootton
Churchill, Sir Winston Spencer 94/13
Churchill, Oxon
  round barrow, Besbury Lane 84/49, 50, 53
  Roman villa, Churchill Grounds Farm 82/141-2
  Saxon settlement, Churchill Farm, Kingham Road 03/83
  medieval
    arch, C14 80/88
    churches: isolated (SP 277244) 72/28; parish 87/81-2
    Corner House tiles 81/83, 84
    graveyard 87/82
    village earthworks 72/28
  post-medieval; Parsonage Gardens 87/82
  The Corner House 91/80, 82
  Orchard Close, Sidings Road 95/50
Churchover, Warks 80/46
churchyards (see also cemeteries) see under Ampthill; Appleton;
    Ashton, Nhants; Aynho; Bampton; Banbury; Barford; Black Bourton;
    Brackley; Bradwell; Carlton; Clay Coton; Cogges; Cold Ashby; Cople;
    Cuddington; Daventry; Ecton; Edlesborough; Elsfield; Eversholt;
    Eynsham; Garsington; Gayton; Great Brickhill; Great Missenden;
    Great Rollright; Greens Norton; Hartwell; Henley; High Wycombe;
    Kirtlington; Little Woolstone; Loughton; Mentmore; North Marston;
    Northampton; Olney; Oxford; Pavenham; Princes Risborough; Quainton;
    Ravensden; Shenley Church End; Sherington; Steeple Claydon; Swanbourne;
    Thame; Tingrith; Upton; Wallingford; Wantage; West Wycombe
Churn, Blewbury, Oxon; Grim's Ditch 81/117
Cimiez, Maritime Alps; Roman fort 00/79
cinnabar (mercury sulphide); Roman pigment 86/74
  Piddington 04/51
Cippenham, Slough; burnt mounds 98/83
circles
  Neolithic timber; Abingdon 01/56, 58
  triple concentric; Buscot 77/33, 35
circular structures (see also ring ditches; roundhouses)
  Bronze Age; Yarnton 97/62
  Roman or earlier; Irchester 92/38
Cirencester, Glos
  Abbey 80/107
  bronze leaf 83/110
  martingale 83/112
  Roman: Ashcroft House mosaic 05/59; fortress 05/44; pierced antler tine
      03/82; roads near 05/44, 44; Saltire Group of mosaicists 05/59;
      storage jars 83/136; town walls 01/76
Cistercian order
  Oxfordshire houses 77/36, 37; see also: Pipwell Priory; Rewley Abbey;
      Thame Park; Warden Abbey
cistern, possible water-; Uffington Castle 97/66
cisterns (see also tanks)
  Roman; Towcester 85/65
  medieval; Cogges 82/110
  C17; Stony Stratford 81/70
  C19; Oxford 99/83
  undated; Swinbrook 82/109-10
cists, burial
  Neolithic: Ascott-under-Wychwood 77/52; Goldington Bury, Bedford 88/10;
      Stanwick 90/55, 56
  Roman; North Marston 74/9
  late/post-Roman; Bletsoe 71/9-10
Civil Aviation Authority 93/1
Civil War period (see also under Abingdon; Banbury; Newport Pagnell;
    Northampton; Oxford; Radcot; Towcester; Wallingford) 91/62, 73, 98;
    98/70
  Aylesbury; defences 81/12; 86/38
  Bloxham 80/108
  passport 95/68
Clacy, J. B. (fl. 1857, architect) 81/45
Clanfield, Oxon
  Neolithic causewayed enclosure, possible 73/34, 35
  Burroway Iron Age fort 84/104-5
  cropmark sites 73/34, 35
  medieval: nunnery 77/36, 37; village earthworks 72/28
  post-medieval houses 82/96-7
  Radcot Bridge, possible church and tower 08/47
Clapham, Beds
  Mesolithic site 88/11, 12
  late Bronze/early Iron Age settlement, DERA (tunnel) site 01/1
  Iron Age 98/7
    burial, pits 71/10; 72/12
    settlements 88/11, 12; 02/2
  Roman 98/7; 02/2; kiln site 71/10; 72/12
  Saxo-Norman 98/7; 02/2; St Thomas's church 82/2-3
  medieval 98/7; 02/2; Manor House 75/22; 76/26; 78/36; 82/17; 88/11, 12;
      90/2
  Church Farm 98/7
  Oakley Road, Bronze Age to medieval 02/2
  Ursula Taylor School, medieval and later 88/11, 12; 98/7; 08/16
Clapham to Ravensden Anglia Water Services Pipeline, Beds; Iron Age and
    Roman settlements 08/16
Clapham to Turvey Water Tower Reinforcement Main, Beds; Iron Age and Roman
    settlement 08/4
Clare family, Earls of Gloucester 80/49; 81/9
Clarell, Thomas (d. 1471, of Lillingstone Lovell) 88/24
Clarke, Gregory Odell, of Fenny Stratford (fl. 1819-1864) 08/21
Clarke, William, of Fenny Stratford (fl. 1864-1890) 08/21
CLASP (Community Landscape and Archaeology Project), Nhants 08/38
clasps
  Roman copper alloy; Brakelands Farm 98/67
  Saxon sleeve; Burton Latimer 80/45; Nassington 91/31
Clattercote, Oxon
  DMV 77/48
  moat 77/48
  St Leonard's Priory 77/36, 37, 48; 83/53, 55; 92/19; 99/42
clay, burnt
  prehistoric; Drayton cursus 87/85
  early Bronze Age; Cassington 06/45
  Iron Age/Roman: Harling Road 99/10; Wigmore Valley Park 98/15
  Roman: Radley 93/85; Shefford 02/4; Swalcliffe Lea 99/55, 56-7
  early-mid Saxon; Taplow 06/19
  medieval: Caddington 99/10, 11; Newnham Priory, Bedford 91/22
  undated; Banbury 02/40
clay, potter's; Stanion 94/23
Clay Coton, Nhants
  church and churchyard 74/32; 93/46; 03/49
  Manor Farm 92/36
clay digging (see also clay pits); Sunningwell 77/21, 22
Clay Lane see under Earls Barton
clay objects (see also discs; figurines; moulds; pipes, clay tobacco and
    under: loom-weights; slingshots; spindle whorls)
  Iron Age: Bicester 99/76; Finmere (perforated plate) 99/32
  Roman: Denham (unidentified, fired) 04/17
  unspecified: Billington Hill 99/8; Sandy 99/4
clay pits, medieval; Potterspury 04/42
Claydon, Bucks
  Claydon House 95/36; 97/23, 24, 25; 98/22; 99/16; 00/17
  Verneys' estate; brickyard (1650s) 81/13
Claydon Pike, Fairford/Lechlade, Glos 79/111; 80/137; 81/99, 144, 145-6,
    147; 82/115, 134, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171; 91/95
  alluviation 82/166
  amphora sherds 83/110
  curses (defixiones) 83/102, 110
  environmental samples 81/157; 82/166, 178-9, 180; 83/152
  late Iron Age/early Roman 82/168, 171; 83/108, 109-11; 84/93-4, 95, 96,
      97, 98
  leaf, gilded bronze 83/110
  middle Iron Age 80/160, 161-2, 163-4; 81/144, 145, 147; 82/129, 164, 165,
      166, 167, 169; 84/94
  post-excavation work 83/103
  Roman 80/160, 161-2, 163-4; 81/144, 145-6, 147; 82/116, 165, 166, 168,
      170, 171; 83/108, 109-111
    (C1-2) 82/168, 171; 83/109; 84/94, 96, 97
    (C3/4) 82/168, 171; 84/96, 97, 98
    (C4) 83/108, 110-11
  Roman roads 82/165, 166, 168; 83/110
  Saxon 84/96, 98
  shrine, possible Romano-Celtic 83/102, 110; 84/94, 95, 96, 97
clearance
  prehistoric 83/155-6; 91/1, 12; 93/59, 63: Burton Latimer 00/36; Didcot
      95/50; Dorney 95/31; 96/23, 25-6; 98/82, 83; Dunstable 04/4; 05/6;
      Elstow 94/12; Lavendon 94/15; Ouse Valley 95/4, 7, 10; Sutton Wick
      96/51; 99/36, 38; Wellingborough 95/44; Wollaston 95/44; Yarnton
      96/67
  Roman; Toddington 94/8
  Saxon 87/103
  medieval (see also assarts) 76/29; 77/26; Oakley, Nhants 09/17
  undated; Little Stanion 08/36
cleaver, flint; Thrupp Farm 81/135, 136
Cleeve to Hagbourne Hill to Fyfield Thames Water Pipeline, Oxon; late
    Bronze Age, Iron Age and Roman 08/48
Clerke, John (d. c.1500, of Northampton) 35
Clerke, Sir John (fl. 1527, of North Weston Farm) 94/3
Clerke, Sir John (fl. 1538, of New Thame) 08/77
Cleveley, Oxon
  C17 dovecote, Upper Farm 79/87, 88
  C17 stable 98/65; 02/50, 50
Clifton, Beds 90/2
  Sewage Treatment Works 08/4
Clifton Hampden, Oxon
  Barley Mow cruck building 76/37
  cropmark complex (SU 535952) 77/58, 59, 60
  Fullamoor Farm 92/45, 46
Clifton Reynes, Bucks; Sherwood Cottage 04/12
climatic change 97/iii
Clinton, Ralph de (fl. 1220) 80/177
clip, C14 bronze, Felmersham 83/9
Clipston, Nhants 79/21-2, 23, 24-8, 29, 30-1
  Calme manor 79/22, 26
  churches 79/26
  Danes and 79/22, 28; 81/40
  field system 79/22, 23, 24-5, 27, 28, 29-30
  fishponds 79/26
  inclosures 79/28, 29, 30
  manors 79/22
  Nobold DMV 79/21, 22, 24, 26, 29
  Saxon period 79/22, 26, 28; sunken-featured building 93/50
  windmill 79/26
de Clipston family of Clipston 79/26
Clipstone, Beds (see also Eggington-with-Clipstone)
  Manor Farm 97/1
Cliveden House and gardens, Taplow, Bucks 95/32; 99/16; 06/17; 09/21-2
  Canadian Red Cross Memorial Hospital, World War II 02/17-18, 18
  Green Drive, C18 garden earthworks 04/21-2
  South Terrace 03/31-2, 34
  World War I hospital 02/17-18
Clophill, Beds (see also Cainhoe Castle)
  bridge 89/1
  Clophill Old Church 78/37
  great house, C17 87/27
  miller's house, C19 85/5
Clopton, Nhants; Home Farm, C19 features 02/27
closes; Oundle, East Road 97/39
cloth see textiles
clunch, carved; Totternhoe 86/25
Cluniac order see Northampton (St Andrew's Priory)
Clutterbuck, Revd J.C. (fl. c. 1809, of Long Wittenham) 01/64
Clutton, Henry (C19 architect) 91/25
coach houses, C19
  Glendon (barn used as) 04/36
  Great Missenden 04/8, 9
Coat DMV, Charlbury, Oxon 82/41, 42, 43, 125; 83/120
cob buildings: Brightwell-cum-Sotwell 75/47; Grove Priory 85/15;
    Guilsborough 02/29; Long Buckby 86/76, 77; 94/1-2; Oxford 80/154;
    91/93; Rowstock 05/84; Wallingford 73/18
Cobb, William (fl. 1671, of Bolnhurst) 87/24; 89/13
cobbler's waste, medieval/post-medieval: Abingdon 02/67; Stratton 02/1;
    Towcester 93/59
cobbles and cobbled surfaces
  Iron Age/Roman; Abingdon 96/51, 52, 55
  Roman: Alchester 92/45; Bicester 03/74; Oxford 95/56
  medieval: Aylesbury 95/25; Brackley Castle 92/42; Oxford 95/60; Silsoe
      08/17; Stratton 96/2, 3; Tattenhoe 91/46, 47; Westbury by Shenley
      91/45
  post-medieval: Aylesbury 95/25; Cleeve to Fyfield Water Pipeline 08/49;
      Minster Lovell 96/57; Olney 04/25; Oxford 96/59; 04/62, 62; Stoke
      Lyne 94/48; Stoke Poges 09/25; Walton Hall 91/43
  undated: Abingdon 95/48; Oddington 09/37
cock fighting
  Leighton Buzzard 97/8
  Oxford 82/177; 93/74-5
Cockayne family of Cockayne Hatley; memorials 88/25, 26
Cockayne Hatley, Beds 88/25, 26; 90/2; 94/3
cockerel; burial, Wavendon Gate 90/27
Cockernhoe, Herts 98/16
Codicote, Herts 87/23
Coenwulf (d. 821, King of Mercia) 78/88
coffins (see also nails (coffin); sarcophagi)
  handles, C18; Oxford 09/42
  lead, Roman: Abingdon 90/74, 76; Crowmarsh 96/71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76;
      Warborough 76/72
  nail scatter patterns 91/102
  stone: Bradwell Abbey 73/36; Churchill 82/141-2; Dorchester (medieval)
      02/44, 45; 'earmuff' style 87/91; 90/76; Grove Priory 76/23; 79/42;
      Little Woolstone 80/81; 81/66; Missenden Abbey 84/10; Northampton
      (medieval) 02/30; Raunds 79/53; re-used, Blackfriars, Oxford 75/43;
      Totternhoe 86/25; Towcester 89/41
  undated nails, Watlington 91/107
  wooden
    prehistoric: Gravelly Guy 87/97; Radwell (Belgic) 73/32; Stanwick
        91/76; Yarnton (Beaker) 96/63
    Roman: Abingdon 90/74, 76; Asthall 93/68; Bancroft 85/41; Barrow Hills
        84/119; 85/106; Crowmarsh 96/74, 75, 76; Dorchester 82/144;
        Dunstable 78/7; Great Houghton 97/39; Stanton Harcourt 79/133;
        Wallingford 97/iv
    medieval; Dunstable 93/21; Northampton 02/30
    post-medieval: Abingdon 89/45; Appleton (fittings) 04/68; Brackley
        (fixtures) 94/29; Oundle, Northants 89/32; Oxford 01/60, 08/63,
        (fittings) 02/59; 08/63; West Hanney 91/102
Cogenhoe, Nhants
  pewter bowls 76/19
  St Peter's church 02/24
  St Peter's Way 97/35; 07/15
Cogges, Oxon 75/47, 48-9; 79/105, 106-7
  Mesolithic; Eton Close 02/42
  Neolithic 81/81; 82/87, 90; 02/42
  ring ditches, possibly Bronze Age 84/60
  Iron Age; Oxford Hill, possible enclosure 01/90-1
  Roman 82/90
  Saxon 75/48, 49; 79/105; 81/81-2; 82/90; 90/57; 95/63; Home Ground 84/60
  medieval
    Arsic family manor 75/48, 49; 78/69; 86/118
    barn, medieval tithe 75/48, 49
    castle 75/48; 86/118
    church of St Mary 75/48, 49; 79/105, 106-7; 04/69
    churchyard 86/118; 91/109
    dovecote 75/49
    fishponds 75/, 48, 49; 84/61, 62; 85/112-13; 02/41-2
    geophysical survey 78/69
    Grey family manor see Manor Farm below
    landscape history 76/37
    Manor Farm 75/48, 49; 90/57; 95/63, 69; dairy 83/76; 85/87-9; 86/132,
        133-6; flooring of kitchen 80/88-9; Granary 85/86; 90/69-70;
        interpretation 87/51; 88/105; manor house 75/48, 49; 79/105, 106;
        90/57, 73, 83-4; 91/79, 94; rain-water cistern 82/110; stable
        80/89, 95, 97; stucco, incised to resemble quoins 79/86, 87;
        88/110; thatch (solid) 80/95; 82/106; 84/84
    moated sites 75/48, 49; 78/69; 86/118; 91/109
    Newland; New Town, 1212 75/49; 01/91
    ploughsoil 02/42
    pottery sequence 81/81-2
    Priory 75/48, 49; 79/105, 106-7; 81/81-2; 82/8, 90-1, 177; 85/79
    vicarage 75/48, 49
    watermill 75/48, 49
  Meadow View 98/90; 02/64
Coggins family of Middleton Stoney 76/10
coin dies, blanks and pellets, Roman; Fenny Stratford 91/40, 41, 42;
    Marcham/Frilford 02/76
coin hoards
  C1 BC; Harpsden 83/130
  Roman: Bancroft 79/78; Brightwell 89/63; Chalfont St Peter 00/12;
      Marcham/Frilford (dispersed) 02/76; Naseby 80/49; Northampton 04/38;
      south Bucks 90/17; Wootton Fields, Northampton 03/53; Wymbush 80/64
  Saxon; Aston Rowant 76/77
  C17; Warmington, Nhants 04/44
coins (see also: coin dies; coin hoards; jettons; tokens)
  Manshead Journal catalogue of collection 00/90
  Iron Age
    by ruler/type: Addodomaros 77/71; Andoco (10BC-AD10) 97/42; Belgic
        82/81-2; C1 BC gold 83/130; Cunobelinus 72/22; 82/81-2; 99/59, 63;
        Dobunnic 98/69; 99/56; 00/55; 05/61; Class M 83/109; 84/93; potin,
        British 80/12; potin, Kentish 98/77, 83
    by place; Abingdon 72/22; Alchester 99/63; Bannaventa 72/9; Benson
        77/71; Bierton 80/12; Brakelands Farm 98/69; Claydon Pike 83/109;
        84/93; Dorney 98/77, 83; Everley 95/ii; Harpsden Wood 83/130;
        Hinksey Hill 93/77; Kensworth 97/12; Milton Keynes 82/81-2; Round
        Hill 99/60; 05/61; Sandy 92/6; Swalcliffe Lea 99/56; 00/55;
        Wellingborough 97/42
  Roman
    by ruler/period: Allectus 71/25; 72/21; 98/66; 00/72; 04/53; Antoninus
        Pius 88/45; 98/66; 05/61; Arcadius 72/10; 04/54; Aurelius 75/19;
        Caligula 00/73, 75, 76; Carausius 00/72; 07/34, 36, 37; Claudius
        00/75, 76; Claudius II 88/112; 00/54; Constans 00/72; 03/64;
        Constantine I 73/26; 82/72; 87/42; 90/58; 93/58; 96/9; 98/66, 69;
        99/57, 58; 00/72; 03/14; 04/53; 05/61; Constantine II 00/72;
        Constantius 84/23; 98/66; 99/57, 58; Constantius II 00/72; 03/82;
        04/90; Domitian 73/23; 83/47; 05/61, 95; 09/51; Faustina 83/122;
        03/68, 70; Fel Temp Reparatio copies 02/76; folles 98/69; GLORIA
        EXERCITUS 95/49; Gratian 81/132, 134; Hadrian 89/9; Helena 00/72;
        Honorius 77/14; 98/66; 99/57, 58; 00/55; 04/54; Licinius 98/15;
        Magnentius 92/33; Marcus Aurelius 80/49; Maximinus Daza 02/52; Nero
        73/26; radiates, (C3) 05/61, (C4 barbarous) 71/21; Republican
        83/109; S Gaulish 76/19; Tasciovanus 76/41; 77/83; 80/81; 82/82;
        92/6; Tetricus I 73/26; 76/21; 77/13; 89/51; 00/72; 05/64;
        Theodosius 99/57, 58; Titus 72/9; Trajan 79/8, 9; Trebonianus
        Gallus 88/112; Urbs Roma 76/21; Valens 73/26; 76/77; 77/15; 88/112;
        92/34; 96/55, 71, 74, 75-6; 03/64; Valentinian 96/55, 71, 74, 75-6;
        Vespasian 72/9; 80/49; Victorinus 00/54
    by place: Abingdon 71/21; 73/23; 82/138-9; 96/55; 98/46; Alchester
        82/152; 92/46; 98/72; 00/72, 73, 75, 76; 01/72; 02/89; 04/84;
        Alfred's Castle 99/48, 53, 55, 57; Ascott-under-Wychwood 90/58;
        Ashley 88/66; Asthall 93/69; Aves Ditch 99/67; Aylesbury 95/25;
        Bampton 89/47, 49; Banbury 05/64; Bancroft 76/41; 77/83, 85; 82/82;
        83/45, 52; 84/23; 87/41, 42; Barton Court Farm 73/26; Barton Bypass
        90/12; Bedford 73/18; 74/9; Bedford Southern Bypass 95/4; Bicester
        80/168; 95/49; Bidwell 86/29, 32; Bletchley 74/33; 82/82; Bletsoe
        71/9-10; Bloxham 80/105; 98/66; Bowling Green Farm 89/55; Brackley
        92/32; Bradwell Abbey 88/45; Brakelands Farm 98/67, 69; Brightwell
        Baldwin 09/59; Brixworth 91/59; Buckingham 73/17; Buckinghamshire,
        south (hoard) 90/17; Caddington 89/9; Caldecotte 83/47; Calverton
        04/25; Chalfont St Peter hoards 00/12; Chalton Cross Farm 96/9;
        Charlbury 83/122; Chastleton House 95/76, 77; Chesham 73/17;
        Chesterton 00/71-2; Chipping Norton 91/80; Clapham to Ravensden
        water pipeline 08/16; Claydon Pike 82/168; 83/109; 84/96; Crowmarsh
        96/71, 74, 75-6; Culworth 89/24; Denham 02/14; Dorchester 73/6;
        Ducklington 89/50; 91/96; 98/86; Dunstable 03/14; 07/7; Duston
        77/14; East Challow 73/15; East Shefford 78/13; Evenley 94/27;
        Eynsham 91/104; 92/46; Fringford 95/52; Gatehampton Farm, Goring
        89/51; 06/54' Gayton 91/71; Goring 96/iv; Grafton Regis 92/33;
        Great Bourton/Cropredy 02/52; Great Coxwell 80/144; Great Missenden
        00/12; Headington Bypass, Oxford 95/55; High Wycombe 79/8, 9;
        Higham Ferrers 02/32; 03/56; Houghton Regis 01/10; Irchester 92/34;
        Kempston 01/2; 05/3; Kensworth 97/11, 12; Kidlington 97/64;
        Lechlade 83/112; Lilley Farm 71/25; 72/21; Little Wittenham 05/74;
        Little Woolstone 82/72; Luton 72/9; Marcham/Frilford 82/152; 02/73,
        76, 78; 03/86, 88; 04/86, 88, 90, 91; 05/100, 101, 102, 103; 06/62,
        63, 69; 08/72, 76; 09/47, 51, 54; Merton/Alchester 82/152; 98/72;
        Middleton Cheney 98/66; Middleton Stoney 71/18; Milton 98/66;
        Milton Common 72/14; Milton Keynes 85/60; Naseby 87/42; North
        Emerson Valley 90/22; Northampton 00/40; 03/53; Old
        Stratford/Passenham area 87/42; Olney 76/19; 07/13; Oxford 95/59;
        Piddington 81/35; 93/58; 96/iv; 04/53, 54; 05/42; Potterspury
        98/35; Quinton 75/19; 76/21; 77/13; Radley 75/16; 80/181; 81/132,
        134; Radwell 73/34; Round Hill 99/60; 05/61; Ruxox 72/20; Sandy
        82/3; Shefford 01/2; 03/5; Shenley Brook End 87/41; Simpson 82/82;
        Sonning Common hoard 00/80; Stanford-in-the-Vale 77/34, 35, 58, 59;
        88/87; 93/80; Stanton Harcourt 79/133; Stantonbury 82/84; 83/49,
        51; 89/51; Stoke Bruerne 98/37; Stonesfield 84/60; Stotfold 95/16;
        Swalcliffe Lea 98/66; 99/55, 57, 58; 00/54, 55; 02/51, 52; 03/64,
        66, 67, 68, 70; 06/44; 07/34, 36, 37; Tackley 73/37; Tattenhoe
        03/23; Thenford 72/10; Thrapston 91/72; Towcester 75/27; 07/21;
        Uffington Castle 95/62; 97/66, 68; Upper Sundon 97/14; Walton Hall
        91/43; Wantage 95/iii; 99/43; Watchfield 84/122; Wigginton 03/82;
        05/87; Wigmore Valley Park 98/15; Witney 82/163; Woodstock 91/85;
        Wolverton 05/19; Wraysbury 76/77; 77/15; Wykham 88/112
  Saxon
    by ruler/type: Aethelred II 84/60; Aethelstan 75/26; Alfred 83/111;
        87/8; Baldred of Kent 83/111; Berhtwulf 74/22; Burgred of Mercia
        09/63; Cuthred of Kent 90/20; Eadred 74/23; Edward the Elder
        80/138, 158; Edward the Confessor 82/82; pennies, silver 72/16;
        90/20; pierced 86/11; sceattas 71/12; 74/22; 76/77; 77/15; 86/38;
        89/24; 90/20; 92/46; 95/26; staters, gold 82/82; styca 92/46, (C8
        forgery) 82/82
    by place: Aylesbury 86/38; 95/26; Bedford 87/8; Chastleton 95/76, 77;
        Claydon Pike 83/111; 84/98; Culworth 89/24; Eynsham 91/102, 104;
        92/46; Icknield Way 76/77; Kempston 86/11; Linford Wood 82/82;
        Milton Keynes 90/20; Northampton 74/22; 75/26; 76/35; Old Wolverton
        82/82; Oxford 74/23; 80/138, 158; Shakenoak Farm 71/12; 72/16;
        Stonesfield 84/60; Wantage 95/iii; 09/63; Whaddon Chase 82/82;
        Wraysbury 76/77; 77/15
  medieval
    by ruler: Alexander III, King of Scots 83/117; David II of Scotland
        74/19; Edward I 83/119; 99/30; 05/87; Edward II (impressions)
        74/19; Edward IV 81/59; 83/111; Henry I 72/17; Henry II 76/26;
        81/6; Henry III 71/20; 72/18; 76/51; 80/153; 82/23; Henry VI 83/61;
        Stephen 75/25; William III 73/20
    by place: Abingdon 90/77; 99/30; Aylesbury 82/23; Bedford 91/22;
        Brackley 91/59; Bradwell Abbey 82/69; 83/61; Bradwell Bury 76/51;
        Brixworth 73/20; Buckingham 75/24; Chalgrove 81/153; 83/117, 119;
        Clapham 76/26; Claydon Pike 83/111; Cumnor 85/95; Dunstable 72/17;
        Great Linford 81/59; Horton-cum-Studley 03/71; Kirtlington 05/87;
        Lyveden 71/20; 72/18; Missenden Abbey 84/10; Newbury 75/25; Oxford
        74/24; 80/153; 91/92; Quinton 74/19; Walton, Milton Keynes 87/42
  post-medieval
    by ruler: Henry VIII 73/26; 00/17; Elizabeth I 95/49; Charles I 89/45;
        Charles II 77/90; James II 89/32; George II 98/64; 08/8; George III
        04/5; 05/7; George IV 03/46; George V 08/25
    by place: Abingdon 89/45; 95/74; Barton Court Farm 73/26; Bicester
        95/49; Bradenham Manor 00/17; Chastleton 95/80; 96/50; 97/47;
        Clapham Manor House 75/22; Dunstable 04/5; 05/7; Flitten 76/27;
        Great Linford 77/90; Horton-cum-Studley 03/71; Leighton Buzzard
        08/8; Northampton 89/32; 03/46; Oxford 92/51; Somerton 98/64;
        Tylers Green 08/25; Walton, Milton Keynes 77/91
  unidentified; Thrapston 91/72; Wigginton 04/77
Coke, Humphrey (carpenter to Henry VIII) 77/75
Cokethorpe, Nhants; St Mary's church 97/46
Cokethorpe DMV, Ducklington, Oxon 75/32; 94/56
Cokethorpe Park, Oxon 86/125, 126
Colchester (Camulodunum), Essex 71/6
  annexe to Roman fort 00/76; 02/92
  Late Iron Age pottery and metalwork 04/47
  Roman fortress, skulls 01/75
  Roman glass 92/15
Cold Ashby, Nhants 81/37
  St Denys' churchyard 04/39
Cold Brayfield, Bucks
  Brayfield Estate; Roman field system and kiln site, post-medieval gravel
      pit 09/23
  Olney-Lavendon and Cold Brayfield Water Main 02/11
cold frames, C19; Coleshill, Oxon 05/54
Cold Harbour Barn, Nhants; Roman pottery 99/24
Cold Higham to Litchborough Reinforcement Water Main, Nhants; desk-based
    assessment 08/36
Cold Norton, Oxon 77/36, 37
  Priory Farm 01/64
Coldron Brook, Oxon; Grim's Ditch 84/100, 102
Cole, John; 'History of the Antiquities of Wellingborough' (1837) 02/35
Coleshill, Bucks; Potters Meadow 03/27
Coleshill, Oxon
  Coleshill Mill (C18th watermill) 06/42
  Coleshill Model Farm 04/66
  Coleshill Walled Gardens 02/45; 05/53-4
  Mill Cottage, Middle Leave Farm 02/45
  World War II bunkers 01/46; 05/54
collar or torc, Iron Age bipartite lead; Great Houghton 97/35, 39
collars, livery 88/24
Collingtree, Nhants 82/40
Collingwood, R.G. (1889-1943) 99/53, 58, 59; 00/54
colluvium, geomorphological study of 97/76
Collyweston, Bucks 75/14
Collyweston, Nhants
  Collyweston Quarry see under Duddington
  Park Farm, Roman sherd, medieval or later midden 07/16
comb, Saxon bone; Black Bourton 07/26
Colmworth, Beds 85/9
  Burnix Close, Church Road, medieval field system 05/6
  Colmworth Golf Course; medieval features 06/2-3; 09/9
  Dyer family 87/26-7
  fishery 85/10, 11
  Manor 87/28, 30; 90/2, 3, 13
  prehistoric site, Tythe Farm 89/2
  Roman 87/6
  settlement pattern 87/30
Colnbrook, Bucks; cropmark site 89/14
Colossus computer 94/13-14
Colt-Hoare, Sir Richard (1758-1838) 99/44
Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus 96/39
Combe Mill, Marlborough Estates, Oxon 73/44; 09/35
combs
  antler; Neolithic, Maiden Bower 76/5
  bone
    Iron Age: Abingdon 73/23; Agars Plough, Eton College 91/39; Stotfold
        98/13; Swalcliffe Lea (weaving) 08/58; Yarnton 91/89
    Roman: Ashton, Nhants 85/64; Bedford 97/8; Crowmarsh 96/74, 75;
        Dorchester 73/6; 82/144; Tubney 08/65; Wallingford 97/iv
    Saxon: Abingdon, 91/92; Aylesbury 74/12; 75/21; 86/38; 95/26; Barton
        Court Farm 75/39, 41; Biddenham Loop 09/6; Cogges 81/81; 82/90;
        95/63; Dorney 98/30; Ducklington 72/20; Eynsham Abbey 92/46;
        Kempston (composite) 93/13; mid-Bucks 96/16; Oundle 00/40; Soulbury
        97/19; Stotfold 98/13; Wollaston 02/25; Wolverton 92/21; 93/33;
        05/20
    undated: Bledlow-cum-Saunderton 88/31; Wraysbury 76/77; 77/15
  iron; Saxon weaving, Dorney 98/30
  wooden
    Roman: Bedford ( double-sided) 06/4; South Leigh 08/64
    C14-16, Stratton 02/1
commercial archaeological fieldwork 92/21, 36
commons (see also; enclosure of common land; greens)
  Stanton St John 78/79
communication routes 92/2
Community Archaeology (see also under Brightwell Baldwin)
  Northamptonshire Community Landscape and Archaeology Project 08/38
  Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project 07/46
Company of Imagination, The 90/55
Compton, W Berks; DMV 72/3
Compton Beauchamp, Oxon
  enclosure (SU 285854) 78/102, 103
  St Swithun's church 94/39
Compton census, Sandford-on-Thames, Oxon 81/111
Compton Wynyates, Warks 94/3
computers, early electrical 94/13-14
concrete mixers, C9; Northampton 75/25, 26
conduit-house (see also well houses); St Rumbold's Well, Buckingham, C17
    01/19-20; 03/28-9
conference reports 91/1; 93/1-2; 94/1-4; 95/i-ii; 96/iii-iv; 97/ii-iv; 00/2
Conquest family of Houghton Manor; tomb 88/26
  Isabella (d. 1493) 88/25
  Richard (d. 1500) 88/25
Conservation Areas 91/23, 25-6
conservation of landscape sites 94/24
conservatory, C19; Daventry 00/38
Constable of England and Royal Manor of Leighton 82/8
continuity of settlement
  Abingdon 95/73
  Banbury area 09/40
  Barton Court Farm 09/36
  Edlesborough 95/33
  Walton, Aylesbury, Bucks 95/26, 28
  Weston Underwood 95/28
contour surveys
  Bayworth 04/54
  Caldecotte 91/44
  using manhole cover heights 97/77, 78
Cookham, Windsor & Maidenhead; Widbrook Common Bronze Age pits 00/22
cooking
  exhibition on medieval 85/19, 20
  place, Bronze Age; Dorney 01/26, 28
  platform, late Iron Age/Roman; Finmere 99/32
  residues, Berinsfield 81/148
cookshops, medieval; Bedford 87/8
Coombe Abbey, Warks 94/21
Cooper family of Bradwell, Milton Keynes 91/56
Copcourt DMV, Aston Rowant, Oxon 80/168
Cope, Sir Anthony (d. 1675, of Hanwell) 82/88, 89
Cople, Beds
  All Saints' church 88/25; 93/32; 09/9
  Iron Age/Roman enclosures and well 03/7
  manor house 93/32
  ring ditches 76/14
  settlement pattern; ends 87/21
  Wood End isolated moated site 87/28, 30; 90/2, 14, 16; 93/32
copper alloy castings, Roman: Newport Pagnell 07/13; Piddington 04/47;
    05/42
copper alloy objects see under: anklet; awls; axes; beads (spacer); bells;
    belt fittings; book mount; bowls; bracelets; bronzes; brooches;
    buckles; buttons; cauldrons; chains; clip; coins;
    copper alloy castings; daggers; discs; dishes; gouges; harness; hoards;
    hones; hooks; horsegear; jettons; keys; knives; leaves; lions;
    medical implements; military equipment; mirrors; nail-cleaners;
    needles; pendants; pins; rings; scabbards and scabbard mounts;
    seal matrices; shoe tags; sickles; skillets; skimmers; slag;
    spearheads; spoons; springs; spurs; staff; statuettes; strap ends;
    studs; swords; thimbles; toilet sets; tubes; tweezers; votive objects
copper alloy working
  Iron Age: Milton Keynes 02/10; Stotfold 98/13; Thrupp 92/63
  Roman: Marcham/Frilford 06/60-1, 69; Ruxox 92/5; Sandy 90/11; 92/6
copper ring, Roman; Dorney 97/31
coppers, C19 kitchen; Eynsham 86/128
coppices
  boundaries 78/102, 103
  detached 82/55
  medieval systems: Salcey Forest 97/43; Whittlewood Forest 02/23
  pre-enclosure; Studham 00/5
Coppin, John (fl. 1671, of Bury Park, Luton) 87/26
coprolites 90/1
  Tilsworth 96/10
copses see coppices
Coptic bronze vessels 91/32
Corbett, Mrs. E.; History of Spelsbury (1962) 91/85
Corbridge, Northumbria; Roman granary 03/95
Corby, Nhants
  A43 Corby Link Road; Bronze Age, Iron Age and Roman ditches 06/25
  Corby South Trunk Main; prehistoric, Roman, medieval 98/32-3
  Danesholme Iron Age site 75/12
  Oakley Vale; flints and medieval pottery 02/24
  Prior's Hall, Iron Age, Roman, early Saxon and medieval 07/15
  royal manor 82/29, 30
  Weldon; iron smelting residues, field boundaries 06/22
cores, flint
  Mesolithic: Abingdon 95/72; Caddington 95/20; 99/10, 11; Chalton Manor
      Farm 03/16; Edeway, Houghton Regis 99/12; Pegsdon & Shillington
      99/12; Ridgmont 94/7
  Neolithic: Cogges 02/42; Sutton Wick 99/38, 39
  Neolithic/Bronze Age; Harlington 94/8
  Bronze Age: Piddington 04/46; Risinghurst and Sandhills 02/43
  unspecified: Caddington 99/10; Dunstable 04/5; 05/7; Leighton Buzzard
      09/12; Stoke Hammond 95/27; Uffington 07/57
Corfen family of Reading 78/88
coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Roman 76/67; 81/58
corks, wine bottle; Chastleton House 96/48, 49
corn dryers (see also ovens)
  late Iron Age/Roman; Bicester 09/66
  Roman: Alchester 92/46; Amersham by-pass 87/33; Bancroft 84/26; Barton
      Court Farm 75/39; 77/65, 67; 78/106, 108; Bletchley Park 93/34;
      Bloxham 80/105; Chesham 73/17; Clapham 72/12; Dunstable 78/7; Earls
      Barton (T-shaped) 02/28; Farmoor 75/39; Flitwick 75/14; Gayton 91/71;
      Goring 88/78, 79; 06/50, 54; Great Barford 06/6; Harringworth 74/10;
      93/50; Haynes 95/11, 12, 13; Heelands, Milton Keynes 80/76, 77-8;
      09/23; Newport Pagnell 07/13; Northampton 04/38; Piddington 86/75;
      04/54; Stanion 03/55; Stowe 03/31, 32-3; Swalcliffe Lea 07/35, 37-8;
      Wakerley 73/17; Wallingford 97/iv; Windmill Hill, Bletchley 72/15;
      Wollaston 85/64; Wood Burcote, Towcester 75/17; Yarnton 91/89
  Saxon: Higham Ferrers 02/32, 33; Kempston Church End 93/13
  Saxo-Norman; Kempston 09/7, 7
  medieval; Grove Priory 83/5
Cornbury and Wychwood, Oxon 87/26
  Cornbury Park Estate 91/37; 03/74; Saxon burial 82/123, 125, 140-1;
      stables 96/68-70
  Grim's Ditch 84/100, 102
  long barrow, supposed 90/73
  round barrows 84/49, 50, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58
corn-grinding wheels, Roman; Clapham 72/12
Cornwall, earls of
  Richard, and Watlington Park 04/55
  and Wallingford 03/107
Cornwall, Sir John, Baron Fanhope 91/34
Corporation Farm see under Abingdon
Corylus avellana (hazel)
  Alchester 76/67
  Mingies Ditch 78/114
Corry, Colonel (stationed in Marlow in WWI) 08/18
Cosgrove, Nhants; Roman and Saxon finds 93/46
Costow DMV, Marston St Lawrence, Nhants 82/52
costrel, C14-16 leather; Stratton 02/1
Cotes DMV, Nhants 08/41
Cotesford, Sir Roger de (fl. 1358, of Tusmore) 90/58
Cotswolds
  Cotswold vernacular style buildings; Kelmscott 02/55
  Neo Cotswold architectural style, early C20 87/68
  Roman occupation 81/158-9; 88/74
  round barrows 84/48, 49, 50-8
cottages
  postconquest; Piddington 93/2
  medieval; Horley 03/61; 05/64, 65, 66; Warkton 07/21
  post-medieval: Desborough 08/39; Thrapston 08/44; Weston Underwood 08/25
  C17; Oundle 09/30
  C18: Brafield-on-the-Green 07/17; Kingwood Common 05/68; Northampton
      05/39
  C18-19: Daventry 05/37, 38; Horley 05/65, 65-6; Little Horwood 05/13;
      Long Crendon 07/10-11
  C19; Middleton 09/16; Oxford 06/48
  C19/20; Woodnewton 03/56
Cottesbrooke, Nhants
  All Saints church 90/34
  monastic site and medieval village 74/27
Cottesmore, Leics; late Bronze Age hoard 87/15, 16, 18
Cottingham, Nhants; SP 8635 8965, ridge and furrow 08/41
Cottisford, Oxon 81/78
  polished flint axe 79/7
Cotton, M.A.; report on excavations at Alfred's Castle 99/44
Cotton DMV, Gretton, Nhants 73/21
Cotton family of Stratton Park, Biggleswade 87/27
Cotton Henge, Raunds, Nhants 91/69, 70
Councer family of Bloxham
  Anthony (fl. 1556) 80/109
  William (fl. 1523) 80/108
Council for British Archaeology, history of 93/1
counters, bone gaming
  Roman; Swalcliffe Lea 99/56
  Saxon: Aylesbury 95/ii, 26; Bedford 98/2
country houses (see also gardens; manor houses; and individual places)
  Bedfordshire 87/26-30; 90/13-16; 91/25
  brick 93/32; 94/2-3
  monasteries turned into 92/17-19
Countryside Commission Demonstration Farm Project, Kingstonhill Farm,
    Kingston Bagpuize 77/78
countryside management 92/5
  Greensand Project and Bucks 94/5
Countryside Stewardship Scheme 96/41, 42; 97/43
County Archaeology Services organization 99/1, 14
Courteenhall, Nhants 95/44
  Grange Park, Iron Age, Roman and Saxon 99/23
Courtenay family, Earls of Devon 83/83
courthouse, post-medieval; Northampton Sessions House 01/37
courts (see also assizes)
  manorial; regulation of open fields 76/31
courtyard, late medieval; Tempsford 94/10
Coutances, Bishop of; land holdings
  Bolnhurst 87/25; 89/9, 10, 11
  Clipston 79/22
Coutances, Walter de (d. 1207, Bishop of Lincoln) 90/60
Cozens, Henry Wilmot, of Little Wittenham 03/79
Cow Common, Glos; Swell 8 Round Barrow 84/50
Cow Down, Wilts; Iron Age pottery 73/7
Cowlam, Humberside; La Tène brooch 73/7
Cowley, Oxon see under Oxford
Cranbourne Chase; long barrows 84/115
Cranfield, Beds 85/9
  assarting 85/52; 90/5
  Court Road 08/4
  International Eco-Technology Building 91/26
  The Leathern Bottel, Broad Green, post-medieval 07/7
  Roman parallel trenches 06/1
  St Peter and St Paul's Church 98/7
  settlement pattern 82/18; 87/21, 22, 25; 90/2, 3, 5
Cranford, Nhants
  dovecote 94/24, 25
  medieval earthworks and field system 74/27
  Old Rectory, Cranford St Andrew 08/39
  Roman sites 74/27; 90/38
  Saxon 80/46; 90/38
  St Andrew's Church 98/36, 36; 01/35; 06/25
  St John the Baptist's church 06/31
Cransley, Nhants; Saxon cemetery 76/20
Crataegus sp. (hawthorn); Mingies Ditch 78/114
cratch, bacon and bread; Chastleton 94/1
Craven, William, 1st Earl of Craven 00/49; 03/71
Crawley, John (fl.1740, of Stockwood Park) 91/35, 37
Crawley, Oxon
  Blindwell Wood round barrows 84/48, 49, 50, 52, 54
  (SP 33311456) 84/49, 57
Crawley family of Luton 90/15
Crawley family of Someries Castle
  Francis (1584-1649) 87/28-9
  John (fl.1724) 90/14
crayon, medieval decorated lead drawing; Oxford 92/50
cremations (see also under cemeteries)
  prehistoric: Broughton Barns Quarry 02/19; Cassington 06/45; Denham
      01/17; Dorchester 80/184; Dorney 97/30, 30; Earls Barton Quarry
      06/26; Gravelly Guy 87/97; Harrold 99/2, 3; Irchester (in possible
      barrow) 96/33; Irthlingborough 96/33; Newport Pagnell 95/27; Segsbury
      Camp (in posthole) 97/73; Sutton Courtenay 98/85; Sutton Wick 01/45;
      Weston Underwood 95/28; Willington 91/12, (possibly urned) 96/5;
      Yarnton 91/87; 97/64; 99/85
  Neolithic: Biddenham Loop (urned) 97/4; Dorney 96/26, 27; Yarnton
      (associated with long enclosure) 96/67
  late Neolithic/early Bronze Age: Bicester (Beaker) 09/66; Biddenham Loop
      09/1; Yarnton (Beaker) 99/85
  Bronze Age (see also pottery (Bronze Age urns)): Abingdon 73/26; 77/63;
      82/181, 183 (Deverel Rimbury) 04/56; Alchester 92/45; Barrow Hills
      86/109; Bedford 88/8, 9, 11; Berinsfield 79/113; Biddenham 97/4;
      98/5; 05/6; 07/3, (Beaker style) 97/4; Bierton (urned) 97/16;
      Broughton Barn 00/21, (early Bronze Age urned, with complex
      deposition sequence) 02/19, 20; Buckingham 07/14; Denham 02/13, 14;
      06/11, 12, (Collared or Bucket Urn) 04/14, 15, 17; Dorchester 82/146;
      Dorney 97/30; Earls Barton 08/39-40; Eynsham 92/47; Faringdon 09/61;
      Finmere (urned and un-urned) 01/41; Gatehampton Farm 92/75; Gayhurst,
      in barrows 99/17, 19, 20, 20; Gravelly Guy 87/97, 98; Grendon 78/4;
      Headington Bypass, Oxford (unurned) 95/56; Kilsby 07/16; Lake End
      91/39; Lake End Road West 92/27; Loughton, Milton Keynes (cemetery)
      00/32, 33; Mapledurham 92/55; Marcham/Frilford 02/78-9; Marsh Lane
      00/22; Merton 91/85; Milton Keynes 72/8; Northampton 03/52; 07/19,
      19; Oxford (in barrow) 95/60; Radwell 74/7; Rollright Stones 83/100,
      144; Roxton 75/12; Stone 00/12; Sutton Courtenay (bustum-style)
      08/64-5; Taplow 98/28; Upton (in inverted Collared Urn) 08/45-6, 46;
      Walton, Aylesbury, Bucks (cemetery) 95/11, 25, 26; Weldon 71/4;
      Wellingborough 99/23
  Iron Age: Biddenham 97/4; 05/6; 07/3; Bledlow-cum-Saunderton 88/31;
      Daventry 93/46; Eynsham 92/47; Fringford 98/86; Great Denham 08/1;
      Ivel Farm/Becks Land South (Gallo-Belgic) 03/3; Ivinghoe 72/8; Kilsby
      07/16; Kingston Blount 76/74; Marston Moretaine (Belgic) 97/2; Milton
      Keynes 06/14; 08/27; Mingies Ditch 79/117; Radwell 73/32; Salford
      Quarry 90/9; 91/13, 15; Sandy 99/4; Stoke Hammond and Linslade
      Western Bypass 08/34; Stotfold (high-status) 95/14; Stratton 95/16,
      17; Wellingborough 98/32; 99/23
  Iron Age/Roman: Abingdon Pipeline 04/58; Aylesbury-Chalgrove gas pipeline
      00/28; Bicester 09/66; Kempston 86/6, 7; Moxhill Farm 02/5; Ouse
      Valley 97/iv; Westbury by Shenley 91/44-5
  Roman: Abingdon 98/84; 99/30-1, (cemetery) 95/iii, 72, 73, (with meat
      offerings) 95/73; Alchester 92/45; Banbury 04/69; Bancroft 85/38;
      Barrow Hills 84/119; Biddenham 07/1, 1, 2, 3; Bletchley 72/15; Bozeat
      02/27; Bray 72/12, 13; Buckingham 73/17; Denham 02/13, 14, 15; 06/12,
      12, (bustum burials) 02/15, 16, 17; 06/11-12, 12; Ducklington 96/56;
      Filkins to Carterton Transco Gas Pipeline (in sub-rectangular pits)
      03/58; Fringford 98/86; Gayton 91/71; Gill Mill, Ducklington 91/96;
      Great Barford 06/6; Harlington Quarry 92/7; Higham Ferrers 02/32;
      Ivinghoe 72/8; Kempston 88/13; 07/1, 1, 2, 3; Kirtlington 09/36;
      Milton Keynes 07/9; 08/35, (early, urned) 03/30; North Marston 74/9;
      Northampton 07/20, 20; Odell 76/16; 77/9; Potton 88/13; Salford
      Quarry 90/9; Sandy 99/4; South Leigh 09/45; Stoke Hammond and
      Linslade Western Bypass (urned, with accessory vessels) 08/34;
      Stotfold 98/13; Sutton Courtenay 99/84; Towcester 99/26; Tubney
      08/65; Wavendon Gate 90/28; Wendover (in flagon, with grave goods, in
      wooden box) 01/12; Willington 85/14; Wollaston 97/iv
  Saxon 80/45-6; 86/3-4; Bampton 92/57; Clapham 02/2; Kempston 93/13,
      (urned) 09/7, 7; Marcham/Frilford 02/79; Moggerhanger 80/46; Sandy
      80/46; Wallingford 03/106; with ivory rings 91/31
  modern; St Lawrence's churchyard, Milton Keynes 91/50, 51
  undated: Agars Plough 00/22; Aylesbury-Chalgrove gas pipeline 00/28;
      Barton Court Farm 73/26, 27; Caldecotte 83/47; Deddington 93/70;
      Didcot 83/124; Gayhurst 00/21; Grendon 75/14; Milton Keynes 72/8;
      Paulerspury 04/42; Stanwick 90/56; Thrapston 08/44; Wellingborough
      98/32; West Cotton 90/45
crenellation licences 74/14, 25; 99/16
Cressing Temple, Essex; The Barley Barn 80/41
Cresswell Field, Yarnton, Oxon 97/55, 64
Cresy, Edmund (fl. 1850, of Luton) 77/32
Crick, Nhants
  Iron Age 76/28; 77/28, 29; 00/36; settlements, (The Lodge, unenclosed)
      95/37, 39, (The Long Dole, enclosed) 95/37-9, 39; 96/31, (Midland
      Meat Packers) 01/35
  Roman 76/28; 77/28, 29; 95/97; 00/36; 02/27; Watling Street 96/31; 06/25
  Saxon burial 76/28; 77/28, 29
  medieval village 76/28; 77/28, 29-31; 00/36; ridge and furrow 77/28, 29;
      96/31; 98/39; 02/27
  A428 Bypass 02/27
  British Telecommunications Distribution Centre 97/44
  Covert Farm; medieval or later landscape features 01/33
  Daventry International Rail Freight Terminal 95/i, 37-9, 38, 39; 97/42;
      06/25
  Forte Posthouse Hotel 98/39
  furlong names 77/28, 29-31
  Northamptonshire Parish Survey 76/28; 77/28, 29-31
  Regional Agricultural Centre site 97/44
Cricklade, Wilts 81/104
Crispin, Miles (C12, of Chesterton) 80/126; 81/81
crofts, medieval: Brightwell Baldwin 08/83, 83, 84, 84; Caldecotte 91/44;
    Great Linford 77/87, 89-90; 78/52, 53-4, 55-6; Loughton 76/54, 55;
    00/32, 32-3; Morton Pinkney 75/29; Tattenhoe 91/46, 47
Cromwell, Oliver, Lord Protector (1599-1658) 98/70
crook, shepherd's; Bedford 85/18
crop circles 91/101
crop processing, Iron Age; Earls Barton 02/28
cropmarks
  clover; Warmington, Nhants 92/40
  interpretation of 77/18; 84/115
  1970s emergence of alluvial, in Upper Thames Valley 01/91-2
  surveys 78/101, 102, 103-4; 84/48, 49, 50-8
Cropredy, Oxon 78/75
  Claydon Road, undated 02/67
  Poplars Farm 94/39; 95/50
  Prescote Manor Farm 98/85-6
cross-shaped features, late medieval; Dunstable 07/6
crosses
  chalk-cut; Whiteleaf Hill, Princes Risborough 01/17, 20; 04/7
  Saxon: ivory altar, Bury St Edmunds 91/32, Preston Deanery 77/17; silver
      and iron, Standlake 72/20; stone shaft, Oxford 01/62, 62, Raunds
      90/55
  medieval stone: Blatherwycke Boundary Cross 02/26; Charney Bassett 78/91;
      Middleton Stoney 82/108; Oxford, All Souls College 85/102
crossroads burials 99/67
crotals (horse harness bells), C17/18 bronze; Simpson 82/82
Crouch Hill, Banbury, Oxon
  prehistoric 98/70; Neolithic 05/62
  Roman 05/64
  Civil War 98/70
Croughton, Nhants
  Aves Ditch 74/10, 11
  pewter plates 76/19
  Rowler Manor Estate 03/49
Crow Hill hillfort, Nhants 89/27-8, 33, 42
Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon (also known as Crowmarsh)
  Benson Lane, Howbery Park 09/60; Neolithic/Bronze Age, Roman and post-
      medieval 03/83
  Bridge Villa International Camping and Caravan park, post-medieval
      farmyard features 04/73
  CAB International 94/39
  Carmel Cottage; C19 demolition rubble 09/33
  Coldharbour Farm; Bronze Age ring ditch, prehistoric oval feature 09/40;
      Roman cemetery 96/71-6, 72, 73
  monastic hospital 77/36
  Queens Head 87/82
  Riverside Meadows 04/98, 101, 101-3
  St Leonard's Church; door hinges 82/46, 47
  Walter Wilder Foundry, medieval site 94/54, 55
Crownhill, Milton Keynes, Bucks 90/20
crucibles
  mid-late Iron Age; Milton Keynes 06/14
  Iron Age/Roman: Alfred's Castle 00/87; Kings Sutton 05/33; Ruxox 92/5;
      Stotfold 98/13; Thrupp 92/63, 64, 65
  C13; Oxford 88/95
crucifix, Saxon mother-of-pearl; Wallingford 05/66
cruck buildings 92/59; Ashbury 82/94, 96; Bradwell Abbey 81/74-5;
    Brightwell-cum-Sotwell 75/47; Bromham Hall 85/21, 22; Clifton Hampden
    76/37; Cogges 85/87-8; 86/132, 133-6; 90/69-70; Denham 81/15, 17; East
    Hendred 85/75, 76; Eggington 95/1; furcae (forks), C10 88/145; Great
    Gaddesden 80/41; Great Tew 81/86, 87; Gretton 86/76, 78, 79; Harwell
    84/66, 67, 69; 87/89-90; 88/139, 142; Horton-cum-Studley 86/119-20;
    Letcombe Bassett 82/103, 105, 106; Long Buckby 86/76, 77; Long Crendon
    81/15; 82/60; Long Hanborough 83/92; Long Wittenham (C15) 01/64-5, 68;
    Longcot 82/101; Lower Radley 88/145, 150; Newbury 73/28; Newnham,
    Nhants 79/18; 81/15, 18; Noke 80/92, 93; North Leigh 75/47; North
    Marston 81/15, 16; Northmoor 77/48; 83/83; 86/137-40; Shipton-under-
    Wychwood 80/93; Souldern 88/121
crypt, C19 brick burial; Adderbury 07/38
cryptology; Government Code and Cypher School, Bletchley Park 93/1, 34;
    94/13-14
crypts, church
  medieval; Simpson, Milton Keynes 99/22
  C18; Hartwell, Bucks 02/10
Crystal Palace, London 95/68; 99/73
'cuckoo-pen', post-medieval; Frilford 80/144
Cuddesdon, Oxon 72/16; 73/22
  Cuddesdon House, garden landscaping and quarry pit 03/75
Cuddington, Bucks 77/44
  Cowley Farm, Aylesbury Road, prehistoric and Roman 05/17
  St Nicholas' church and churchyard 97/20; 02/17
Culham, Oxon 84/47
  Andersey Island, Bronze Age ring ditches 08/47
  Culham Lock 05/68
  decorated medieval tiles 76/32
  The Manor, The Green 98/47
  SU 07/511965, geophysical survey 07/60
  Wilts and Berks Canal, Culham Reach 07/26-7
culver house (dovecot), Chalgrove 83/119, 120
culvert house, Oxford Castle moat 92/50
culverts: Abingdon 93/66-7; 97/50; Burnham 97/16; Claydon House 97/23, 24,
    25; Ewelme 99/72; Fawler 91/109; Greys Court 98/63; Heythrop Park
    07/39; High Wycombe 93/35; Little Stanion 08/36; Lower Sundon 98/15,
    17; Oxford 03/63, 77; 04/71; Rycote House 01/71; Stoke Bruerne 02/25;
    Stowe 03/32, 34; 04/27; Walton 08/25
Culworth, Nhants 89/24
  Berry Hill Close 92/42
  castle 94/24; 96/41; 97/43
  Iron Age settlement 93/46
  St Mary's Church 92/32; churchyard extension 93/46
Cumnor, Oxon
  Busby's Farm 76/72-3; 85/94, 97
  by-pass 75/34; 76/72-3; 77/56, 71
  Cumnor Hearst; Iron Age pottery 93/77
  Cumnor Parish Cemetery Extension; medieval grange 06/45
  Cumnor Place 06/45
  Cumnor Place Cottage, Abingdon Road 05/49
  Dean Court Farm; medieval grange 83/124; 85/94-6, 97; 86/96, 97, 98-9;
      87/92-3
  fishponds 86/97, 98-9
  Henwood Farm 80/173
  holloway 76/73
  Hurst Hill 83/124
  Iron Age 78/17
  Long Copse, Chawley 83/94
  Manor Farm stable, C17 81/91, 92
  Pinkhill Meadow 91/85-6
  Roman 78/17; 80/173
  timber for building of Wadham College 86/129
  Wytham Hill 76/73; 79/125-6
Cundy, Thomas (1765-825, architect) 82/108
cups
  late Roman pewter; mid-Bucks 96/16
  Saxon glass; Desborough 80/44
curb bit, C12; Hanslope 02/15
Curbridge, Oxon
  ring ditch 84/49, 57
  Roman settlement and cemetery 76/66, 67, 69; 86/99
  Caswell Farm 'granary', possible C16 detached kitchen of manor 06/32-4,
      32, 33
currency bars
  iron, Dorchester 76/16
  sword-shaped; hoard, Gretton 73/14
curses (defixiones), Roman lead: Claydon Pike 83/102, 110; Higham Ferrers
    03/56; Lechlade 83/112; Towcester 93/58
Curson, Sir John (fl. 1713, of Waterperry) 88/134
cursus monuments (see also under: Drayton; Dorchester): Bedford Southern
    Bypass 95/7; Brize Norton (possible) 91/101; Cardington 91/10; Drayton
    91/98, 99; Ivinghoe Beacon 01/21, 21; Welland Valley 81/41; Yarnton
    93/82
curtain tape, C19; Stadhampton 86/122
Curteys family of Wymington 90/16
Cutteslowe, Oxon
  DMV 80/87
  medieval site 84/60
  moated site 72/30
  and Port Way 72/15
Cuxham, Oxon; Cutt Mill 83/93, 94-5
Cynegil (d. 642?, King of West Saxons) 88/144
Cypraea shells 91/32